阅读说明：本技术 一种基于fpga的水声应答器电子设备 (Underwater acoustic responder electronic equipment based on FPGA ) 是由 徐彤彤 杨凯强 牛耀 刘耸霄 于 2020-11-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种基于FPGA的水声应答器电子设备,属于水声硬件技领域。所述基于FPGA的水声应答器电子设备包括调理模块、数字处理模块和功放模块。所述调理模块与接收换能器相接,将所述接收换能器传来的信号进行放大和滤波；所述数字处理模块将调理模块输出的信号进行模数转换后处理,输出CW信号或LFM信号；所述功放模块将数字处理模块输出的信号传输发射换能器,通过发射换能器发射出去,相比于传统的响应速度慢的水声应答器,能够实时响应、快速处理。(The invention discloses an underwater sound responder electronic device based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and belongs to the technical field of underwater sound hardware. The FPGA-based underwater acoustic transponder electronic equipment comprises a conditioning module, a digital processing module and a power amplifier module. The conditioning module is connected with the receiving transducer and is used for amplifying and filtering signals transmitted by the receiving transducer; the digital processing module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal output by the conditioning module and outputs a CW signal or an LFM signal; the power amplifier module transmits the signal transmission transmitting transducer output by the digital processing module through the transmitting transducer, and compared with the traditional underwater acoustic transponder with slow response speed, the power amplifier module can respond in real time and process quickly.)

1. An acoustic transponder electronic device based on an FPGA, comprising:

the conditioning module is connected with the receiving transducer and is used for amplifying and filtering the signals transmitted by the receiving transducer;

the digital processing module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion and post-processing on the output signal of the conditioning module and outputting a CW signal or an LFM signal;

and the power amplifier module transmits the signal output by the digital processing module to the transmitting transducer.

2. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics of claim 1, wherein said conditioning module comprises an amplification module and a filtering module, said amplification module amplifying a signal; and the filtering module filters the amplified signals.

3. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics of claim 1, wherein said digital processing module comprises an ADC module and an FPGA; the ADC module performs analog-to-digital conversion on signals, is an ADC of a 16-bit successive approximation register, has a high-speed SPI compatible serial interface, supports 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 5V logics, and has a sampling rate of 1 Msps.

4. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics of claim 3 wherein said FPGA time-frequency domain converts the analog-to-digital converted signal using FFT, discriminates between real and imaginary output components and line addresses, and transmits a CW signal or LFM signal of the same frequency if a signal in a specific frequency band is received and the amplitude value satisfies a threshold decision condition.

5. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics of claim 4, wherein the in-band signal is a signal having a frequency of 5kHz to 10 kHz.

6. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronic device of claim 1, wherein said power amplifier module comprises a power module, a boost module, and an H-bridge driver module; and the boosting module boosts the voltage provided by the battery module and supplies power to the H-bridge driving module.

7. The FPGA-based underwater acoustic transponder electronic device of claim 4, wherein said H-bridge drive module is a monolithic integrated drive module model IR 2110.

8. The FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics of claim 7, wherein said amplification module is an AD8421 chip; the filtering module is an AD8676 chip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater sound hardware, in particular to an underwater sound transponder electronic device based on an FPGA.

Background

With the development of the underwater acoustic communication technology, the realization of marine information observation and marine resource exploration and development is a current hot spot problem, and the underwater acoustic transponder mainly responds to signals of sonar equipment and provides simulation training for use.

The underwater acoustic transponder can be used as a signal source and transponder equipment, and can realize the test and calibration of the sonar to be tested. Due to the low cost and simple and reliable application, the method is widely applied to underwater acoustic system testing, target simulation and various underwater acoustic tests.

The conventional underwater acoustic transponder design has the following disadvantages:

(1) the function is single, the data sharing with a sonar system cannot be realized, and the high-performance real-time feedback application cannot be realized; therefore, increasingly demanding requirements for functional and performance indices are becoming more difficult to meet;

(2) the device has the limitations of high power consumption, large volume, short positioning distance, low precision and the like;

(3) the single chip microcomputer is used as the core of the signal processing module, and the signal processing module has the defects of limited signal processing capacity, poor real-time performance, incapability of generating complex response signals and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an underwater acoustic transponder electronic device based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) so as to solve the problems in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an electronic device of an acoustic transponder based on an FPGA, which comprises:

the conditioning module is connected with the receiving transducer and is used for amplifying and filtering the signals transmitted by the receiving transducer;

the digital processing module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion post-processing on the signal output by the conditioning module and outputting a CW signal or an LFM signal;

and the power amplifier module transmits the signal output by the digital processing module to the transmitting transducer.

Optionally, the conditioning module includes an amplifying module and a filtering module, and the amplifying module amplifies the signal; and the filtering module filters the amplified signals.

Optionally, the digital processing module includes an ADC module and an FPGA; the ADC module performs analog-to-digital conversion on signals, is an ADC of a 16-bit successive approximation register, has a high-speed SPI compatible serial interface, supports 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 5V logics, and has a sampling rate of 1 Msps.

Optionally, the FPGA performs time-frequency domain conversion on the analog-to-digital converted signal by using the FFT, identifies an output real part, an imaginary part, and a spectral line address, and transmits a CW signal or an LFM signal of the same frequency if a signal in a specific frequency band is received and an amplitude value meets a threshold decision condition.

Optionally, the signal in the specific frequency band is a signal with a frequency of 5kHz to 10 kHz.

Optionally, the power amplifier module includes a power module, a boost module, and an H-bridge drive module; and the boosting module boosts the voltage provided by the battery module and supplies power to the H-bridge driving module.

Optionally, the H-bridge drive module is a monolithic integrated drive module, model number IR 2110.

Optionally, the amplifying module is an AD8421 chip; the filtering module is an AD8676 chip.

The invention provides an FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronic device which comprises a conditioning module, a digital processing module and a power amplifier module. The conditioning module is connected with the receiving transducer and is used for amplifying and filtering signals transmitted by the receiving transducer; the digital processing module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal output by the conditioning module and outputs a CW signal or an LFM signal; and the power amplifier module transmits the signal output by the digital processing module to the transmitting transducer and transmits the signal out through the transmitting transducer. The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) compared with the traditional underwater acoustic transponder with low response speed, the underwater acoustic transponder disclosed by the invention can respond in real time and process rapidly;

(2) the intelligent response can be realized, submarine, ocean background noise, acoustic target signals, signals after acoustic target processing and the like can be simulated, and the functions are diversified;

(3) the response can be made to signals below 10KHz, and the sound source level can reach 200 dB.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall schematic diagram of FPGA-based acoustic transponder electronics;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the conditioning module hardware;

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of an LTC 2378;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power module hardware design;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a boost module hardware design;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the numbering of the boost modules;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the H-bridge driver module hardware design.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail an electronic device of an FPGA-based acoustic transponder according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.

Example one

The invention provides an underwater acoustic transponder electronic device based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array), which is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises a conditioning module, a digital processing module and a power amplifier module. The conditioning module is connected with the receiving transducer and is used for amplifying and filtering signals transmitted by the receiving transducer; the digital processing module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal output by the conditioning module and outputs a CW signal or an LFM signal; and the power amplifier module transmits the signal output by the digital processing module to the transmitting transducer and transmits the signal out through the transmitting transducer.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware principle of the conditioning module, and the main function of the conditioning module is to amplify and filter the signal transmitted from the receiving transducer, mainly implemented by two chips, i.e. AD8421 and AD 8676. The AD8421 chip is a low-cost, low-power, low-noise, ultra-low bias current, high-speed instrumentation amplifier well-suited for data acquisition applications, has a high common-mode rejection ratio, and allows low-level signals with high-frequency common-mode noise to be extracted over a wide temperature range. The AD8676 chip is a high-precision wide-bandwidth operational amplifier with rail-to-rail output fluctuation and very low noise. IN fig. 2, IN + and IN-are differential signals transmitted from the receiving transducer, and after a signal is output from the AD8421 chip, the signal is amplified and filtered by the AD8676 chip and another AD8421 chip, and a signal is output and enters the digital processing module through the pin header for digital processing.

The digital processing module has the main function of performing analog-digital conversion on the signal output by the conditioning module and is mainly realized through an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) module and an FPGA (field programmable gate array). The ADC module is an LTC2378 chip of linear company, the chip is an ADC of a low-noise, low-power and high-speed 16-bit successive approximation register, and is provided with a high-speed SPI compatible serial interface, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 5V logics are supported, the sampling rate is 1Msps, and the high-speed SPI compatible serial interface is very suitable for various high-speed application programs. The internal oscillator sets the switching time, eliminating external timing considerations. A functional block diagram of the LTC2378 chip is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the differential signal at the input end is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the 16-bit sampling ADC, and then the digital signal output is performed by the SPI port. The LTC2378 chip completes data conversion mainly in SPI bus protocol in acquisition mode. The SPI control interface and the serial data output interface are connected with the I/O of the FPGA. The model number of the FPGA is XC7A100T-CSG 324.

The power module hardware design schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, the lithium battery pack supplies power for 24V, 12V voltage is output through the isolated dc-dc converter, and 5V voltage is output through the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit LM 7805. As shown in FIG. 5, the 24V voltage is boosted by a DC-DC converter (VI-JWB-IW), and the voltage HV is 95V as shown in FIG. 6.

The IR2110 chip from the american IR corporation is a monolithically integrated driver module for a dual channel, gate driven, high voltage, high speed power device. The integrated circuit has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, high integration level, high response speed, high bias voltage, strong driving capability and the like, and has the advantages of optical coupling isolation and electromagnetic isolation. Therefore, the module adopts the chip as a driving chip of the H bridge, and a hardware design schematic diagram of the H bridge driving module is shown in FIG. 7. According to fig. 7, the diodes Q1, Q4 and Q2, Q3 are alternately turned on, and the driving chip controls the dead time to prevent short circuit.

The system carries out sound-electricity conversion, amplification and filtering on received signals through a receiving transducer, carries out analog-digital conversion through an ADC (analog-digital converter), converts the signals into digital signals, then carries out signal processing, realizes time-frequency domain conversion of the signals by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), identifies real parts and spectral line addresses of FFT output, and transmits CW signals or LFM signals with the same frequency if the received signals are signals (5 kHz-10 kHz) in a specific frequency band and amplitude values meet threshold judgment conditions.

The invention realizes the underwater acoustic transponder electronic equipment with high integration, intelligence and strong real-time performance, realizes the combination of the receiving and transmitting transducers, the dynamic adjustment of the acoustic source level of the response underwater acoustic signal and the real-time sharing of the receiving and transmitting data, realizes the integrated, intelligent and diversified application of the whole underwater acoustic transponder, improves the traditional test method and improves the inspection and detection efficiency of the sonar equipment. The FPGA is selected as a processor of the underwater sound responder, the real-time and parallel processing characteristics of the FPGA are utilized to process the received echo signals in real time, the processing result is calculated and analyzed, the corresponding underwater sound response signal source is generated, the power amplifying circuit is driven, and the response to the sonar device is realized.

The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.