阅读说明：本技术 一种卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜、制备方法及其用途 (High-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellite, preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 付鑫 翟载腾 徐文杰 郁海勇 史奇良 于 2020-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜,其包括连续相和离散相所组成的微纳结构体系；其中,所述微纳结构体系采用流延法或熔融法制备获得,微纳结构体为有序等级分布。此外,本发明还公开了一种制备上述的卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜的制备方法。另外,本发明还公开了一种上述的卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜的用途,所述的卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜用于空间航天器。本发明所述的卫星用高性能透波纳米热控薄膜具有优异的散热性能和透波性能,可靠性高,工艺性好,适应于卫星微波载荷天线面散热和透波应用需求。(The invention discloses a high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite, which comprises a micro-nano structure system consisting of a continuous phase and a discrete phase; the micro-nano structure system is prepared by adopting a tape casting method or a melting method, and the micro-nano structure body is in ordered grade distribution. In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite. In addition, the invention also discloses application of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite, and the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is used for a space spacecraft. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite has excellent heat dissipation performance and wave-transparent performance, high reliability and good manufacturability, and is suitable for the application requirements of heat dissipation and wave-transparent of the microwave load antenna surface of the satellite.)

1. A high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite is characterized by comprising a micro-nano structure system consisting of a continuous phase and a discrete phase;

the micro-nano structure system is prepared by adopting a tape casting method or a melting method, and the micro-nano structure is in ordered grade distribution.

2. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is 50-500 μm, the size of the micro-nano structure is 100 nm-5 μm, and the volume ratio of the discrete phase is 40-80%.

3. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite of claim 1, wherein the continuous phase of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is made of organic and/or inorganic materials with good space irradiation resistance and small absorption coefficient, wherein the attenuation of 1000 ESH (electron-beam-scattering) radiation is less than 10%, and the absorption coefficient of the solar spectrum is less than 0.01.

4. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite according to claim 3, wherein the organic material comprises one or more of silicone resin, fluororesin and acrylic resin; the inorganic material comprises one or more of potassium silicate, sodium silicate and silicate colloid.

5. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellite of claim 1, wherein the discrete phase comprises ZnO and Al₂O₃Carbon MgO, BaSiO₄、ZrO₂And CaCO₃One or more of (a).

6. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite of claim 1, wherein the solar absorption ratio of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite in a solar spectrum is less than or equal to 0.1, and the hemispherical reflectivity of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite in an infrared spectrum is greater than or equal to 0.9.

7. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite of claim 1, wherein the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite has permeability in a microwave band of 1GHz to 500GHz, and insertion loss is less than or equal to 0.1 dB.

8. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite according to claim 1, which comprises a protective layer, a micro-nano structure system layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a pet release film protective layer in sequence.

9. A method for preparing the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

step A: preparing a micro-nano structure layer: obtaining a micro-nano structure layer consisting of a discrete phase and a continuous phase in a film state by adopting a tape casting method or a melting method;

and B: processing a protective layer: compounding a protective film on the surface of one side of the micro-nano structure layer obtained in the step A by plating or tape casting;

and C: coating a pressure-sensitive adhesive: and D, coating a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the surface of the micro-nano structure processed in the step B, which is on the side of the non-protective layer, so as to obtain the final high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for the satellite.

10. Use of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellite according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellite is used for space spacecraft.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite, in particular to a film capable of meeting the thermal control and wave-transparent requirements of a space spacecraft.

Background

The satellite is in a vacuum environment in orbit, and the heat transfer mode is heat conduction and radiation. The satellite thermal control mainly dissipates the heat in the satellite through the radiation heat dissipation of the thermal control coating, and ensures that the satellite works in a proper temperature range. With the development of satellite antenna technology, the power of the antenna is larger and larger, the heat dissipation requirement of the antenna is higher and higher, the surface shape of the antenna is complex, and the thermal control coating is required to have the wave-transmitting performance of a microwave spectrum band under the condition of meeting the heat dissipation requirement.

The development of the wave-transparent thermal control coating with high heat dissipation performance becomes one of the main development trends for solving the heat dissipation of the antenna in the future. Common heat dissipation coatings are mainly glass type secondary surface mirrors (OSR), F46 silver plated secondary surface mirrors, polyimide aluminized secondary surface mirrors, S781 and KSZ white paints, and the like. Performance parameters and characteristics of a main aerospace thermal control coating are explained in the book "spacecraft thermal control technology" by hou zeng and hujin, and an OSR (glass type secondary surface mirror) commonly used in aerospace is used as a heat dissipation coating, so that the performance is excellent, the solar absorption ratio is 0.13, and the hemispherical emissivity is 0.8, but a glass sheet with the OSR of 40mm multiplied by 40mm or 20mm multiplied by mm is generally silver-plated, the manufacturability is poor, and the adaptability of a special-shaped surface is poor.

In addition, the film type secondary surface mirror such as an F46 film is silver-plated on the surface of the film, the solar absorption ratio is 0.17, the hemispherical emissivity is 0.67, the heat dissipation performance is medium, and the film type secondary surface mirror can be attached to an irregular surface due to the fact that the film type secondary surface mirror is a flexible film, has a metal reflecting layer and does not have a wave transmission function.

The white paint type heat dissipation coating generally has a solar absorption ratio of 0.25 and an infrared emissivity of 0.88, adopts a spraying mode, has higher requirements on the surface and the shape of a sprayed paint, and is sprayed on the surfaces of gaps, so that the apparent solar absorption rate of the antenna is remarkably increased, the solar absorption ratio may be more than 0.5, and the heat dissipation requirement of the antenna with high power consumption is difficult to meet. The traditional heat dissipation coating generally contains a metal coating, and cannot meet the wave-transmitting requirement. And the antenna surface is irregular generally, and local size is less, and the surface is difficult to spray paint, and special-shaped surface heat dispersion is poor. The traditional thermal control coating is difficult to solve the heat dissipation and wave transmission requirements of the high-power antenna.

Through the search of documents and patents, the patents and documents related to the wave-transparent thermal control coating are as follows: chinese patent document No. CN106336128A, publication No. 2017, 1 month, and 18 days, entitled "flexible OSR secondary surface mirror thermal control coating and preparation method and use thereof", discloses a flexible OSR secondary surface mirror thermal control coating and preparation method and use thereof. In the technical solution disclosed in this patent document, although it can adapt to irregular surfaces, it still uses a metal reflective layer, and thus it does not have a wave-transmitting function and cannot meet the thermal control requirement of the antenna.

At present, the antenna with lower power is generally subjected to thermal control treatment by plating germanium on polyimide, the germanium film is a polyimide film with a single surface plated with germanium, the wave-transmitting performance is better, the solar absorption ratio is 0.5 (including transmission), and the hemispherical emissivity is 0.67. For example: the Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN207074709U and the publication date of 2018, 3 and 6 and the name of 'a satellite-borne antenna germanium film-plated antenna housing structure' discloses a satellite-borne antenna germanium film-plated antenna housing structure, which relates to the technical field of antenna housings of satellite-borne active phased-array antennas, and the antenna housing structure has high wave transmittance and good heat insulation effect by using a germanium film-plated film. Under the conditions of small heat consumption and low temperature requirement of some antennas, the germanium film can meet the requirement, and the germanium film cannot meet the requirement along with further improvement of the heat consumption and the temperature requirement. For example, if a relay antenna of a certain sun synchronous orbit satellite adopts a germanium film scheme, the temperature of the relay antenna can reach 90 ℃ under the sun illumination condition, and the requirement of the temperature index can not be met.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite, a preparation method and application thereof.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite, which comprises a micro-nano structure system consisting of a continuous phase and a discrete phase;

the micro-nano structure system is prepared by adopting a tape casting method or a melting method, and the micro-nano structures are distributed in an ordered grade, so that the high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for the satellite has excellent wave-transmitting and radiation thermal properties.

Preferably, the thickness of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is 50-500 mu m, the size of the micro-nano structure is 100 nm-5 mu m, and the volume ratio of the discrete phase is 40-80%.

Preferably, the continuous phase of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is made of an organic and/or inorganic material with good space radiation resistance and small absorption coefficient, wherein the organic and/or inorganic material has good space radiation resistance, the attenuation of 1000 ESH (electron-beam-emission spectroscopy) radiations is less than 10%, and the absorption coefficient of a solar spectrum is less than 0.01.

More preferably, the organic material includes one or more of silicone resin, fluorine resin and acrylic resin; the inorganic material comprises one or more of potassium silicate, sodium silicate and silicate colloid.

Preferably, the discrete phase comprises ZnO and Al₂O₃Carbon MgO, BaSiO₄、ZrO₂And CaCO₃One or more of (a).

Preferably, in the high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for a satellite of the present invention, the solar absorption ratio of the high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for a satellite in a solar spectrum band is not more than 0.1, and the hemispherical reflectivity of an infrared spectrum band is not less than 0.9, so that the high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for a satellite has excellent radiation heat dissipation performance.

Preferably, in the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite of the invention, the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite has permeability in a microwave band of 1GHz to 500GHz, and insertion loss is less than or equal to 0.1 dB.

Preferably, in the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite of the invention, the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite of claim 1 is characterized by comprising a protective layer, a micro-nano structure system layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a pet release film protective layer in sequence. For example: the high-performance wave-transparent nanometer thermal control film for the satellite can be pasted by an organic back glue layer and also can be pasted by silicon rubber, and can be automatically cut according to application requirements and quickly implemented.

Accordingly, another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellites, wherein the method comprises:

step A: preparing a micro-nano structure layer: obtaining a micro-nano structure layer consisting of a discrete phase and a continuous phase in a film state by adopting a tape casting method or a melting method;

and B: processing a protective layer: compounding a protective film on the surface of one side of the micro-nano structure layer obtained in the step A by plating or tape casting;

and C: coating a pressure-sensitive adhesive: and D, coating a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the surface of the micro-nano structure processed in the step B, which is on the side of the non-protective layer, so as to obtain the final high-performance wave-transmitting nano thermal control film for the satellite.

In addition, the invention also aims to provide the application of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite, and the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite is used for a space spacecraft.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the high-performance wave-transparent nanometer thermal control film for the satellite has small insertion loss and excellent wave-transparent performance in a wider spectral band range.

2. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite has excellent heat dissipation performance.

3. The high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for the satellite realizes the unification of heat dissipation performance and wave-transparent performance, and the preparation method has high reliability and good manufacturability, and is very suitable for the application requirements of heat dissipation and wave-transparent of the microwave load antenna surface of the satellite.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a high performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for a satellite according to the present invention, in which the film is applied to an antenna surface in example 1;

FIG. 3 is an electron microscope image of the high-performance wave-transparent nano thermal control film for satellite according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.