Method and apparatus for producing a composite component with integrated electrical conductor circuit and composite component obtainable therewith
阅读说明:本技术 制备具有集成电导体电路的复合材料部件的方法和设备和可利用其获得的复合材料部件 (Method and apparatus for producing a composite component with integrated electrical conductor circuit and composite component obtainable therewith ) 是由 S·苏卡拉姆 S·舒克拉 P·林德 于 2019-08-26 设计创作,主要内容包括:出于将导体电路简单集成至复合材料部件(10)中的目的,本发明提出了用于制备这种类型的复合材料部件(10)的方法和设备;其中导体电路(12)印刷于或以其它方式施加至支撑件(16),提供有可热活化粘合剂(40),并且然后所述支撑件(16)施加至所述复合材料部件(10)的坯体(58)以用于共同固化。高压和高温下的所述固化在所述导体电路(12)和所述复合材料部件(10)之间形成有力连接。(For the purpose of simple integration of conductor circuits into composite components (10), the invention proposes a method and a device for producing composite components (10) of this type; wherein a conductor circuit (12) is printed or otherwise applied to a support (16), provided with a heat-activatable adhesive (40), and then the support (16) is applied to a blank (58) of the composite part (10) for co-curing. The curing at high pressure and high temperature forms a strong connection between the conductor circuit (12) and the composite part (10).)
1. A method for making a composite component (10) having an integrated electrical conductor circuit (12), the method comprising:
a) applying the electrical conductor circuit (12) to a surface (20) of a support (16),
b) applying a heat-activatable adhesive (40) to the conductor circuit (12),
c) placing the surface (20) of the support (16) provided with the conductor circuit (12) on a part blank (58), the part blank (58) comprising the composite material still to be cured, and
d) curing the component blank (58) at a temperature above the activation temperature of the adhesive (40) such that the adhesive (40) activates and adhesively bonds the conductor circuit (12) to the component (10).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step a) comprises at least one or more of the following steps:
a1) printing the electrical conductor circuit (12) on the surface (20),
a2) applying the electrical conductor circuit (12) to a separation membrane (18) as the support (16),
a3) -constructing an electrical circuit on the support (16),
a4) selecting the support (16) and the application in such a way that the adhesive force between the support (16) and the electrical conductor circuit (12) is lower than the adhesive force of the adhesive (40) in the activated state,
a5) applying conductor tracks (24) of a predefined layout as the conductor circuit (12), and/or
a6) Applying a conductor track (24) formed of metal to a surface (20) of the support (16).
3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein step b) comprises at least one or more of the following steps:
b1) selectively applying the adhesive (40) only to a surface (20) of the conductor circuit (12) that is offset from the support,
b2) applying the adhesive (40) before step c),
b3) applying the adhesive (40) while performing step c),
b4) applying the adhesive (40) in a free-flowing form,
b5) applying the adhesive (40) by means of a nozzle (50),
b6) applying the adhesive (40) by means of a brush,
b7) applying the adhesive (40) by means of an application tool (48), the application tool (48) being controllable with respect to its position to conform to the contour of the components or conductor tracks (24) of the conductor circuit (12),
b8) applying the adhesive (40) by spray application, and/or
b9) Coating the conductor circuit (12) with the adhesive (40) by means of a selective coating method.
4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that step c) comprises at least one or more of the following steps:
c1) providing a component blank (58) comprising a carbon fibre reinforced composite material,
c2) providing a component blank (58) pre-formed from the prepreg,
c3) providing a part blank (58) having a fibrous braid or fibrous scrim,
c4) placing the support (16) on an outer or inner surface (60) of the component blank (58) to be provided with the electrical conductor circuit (12),
c5) rotating the support (16) after the conductor circuit (12) has been applied to the upper surface (60) and this surface (60) has been placed on the topmost layer of the component blank (58), and/or
c6) Placing the support (16) on a mould (72) by means of a surface (60) offset from the conductor circuit (12) and inserting the component blank (58) into the mould (72) and/or
c7) Pressing a mould surface onto an area of the component blank (58) provided with the support (16) and/or
c8) Providing a composite panel blank comprising fibres and a curable matrix material in such a way that a composite panel can be obtained from the composite panel blank by compression moulding at elevated temperature.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that step d) comprises at least one or more of the following steps:
d1) curing the component (10) in an autoclave (74), the support (16) being applied to the component (10),
d2) curing the component (10) in a mould (72), and/or
d3) Curing the component (10) under high pressure, and/or
d4) Curing the part (10) in a die press (76).
6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step e): removing the support (16) from the component (10), which occurs after step d).
7. Apparatus for preparing a composite component (10) having an integrated electrical conductor circuit (12), the apparatus comprising:
conductor circuit application means (22) for applying the electrical conductor circuit (12) to a surface (20) of a support (16),
adhesive application means (42) for applying a heat-activatable adhesive (40) to the conductor circuit (12),
a conveying device (54) for placing the surface (20) of the support (16) provided with the conductor circuit (12) on a part blank (58), the part blank (58) comprising the composite material still to be cured, and
a curing device (70) for curing the component blank (58) at a temperature above the activation temperature of the adhesive (40) such that the adhesive (40) activates and adhesively bonds the conductor circuit (12) to the component (10).
8. The apparatus (14) of claim 7, wherein the conductor circuit application device (22) comprises at least one or more of:
8.1 conductor circuit printing means (26) for printing the electrical conductor circuit (12) on the surface (20),
8.2 separation membrane providing means (34) for providing a separation membrane (18) as the support (16),
8.3 a conductor-circuit-application controller (28) designed to control the conductor-circuit-application device (22) for applying conductor tracks (24) of a predefined layout as the conductor circuit (12), and/or
8.4 metallic material providing means (32) for providing a metallic material for applying the conductor tracks (24) formed of metal.
9. The apparatus (14) according to either one of claims 7 and 8, wherein the adhesive application device (42) includes at least one or more of:
9.1 an adhesive application controller (44) designed to actuate the adhesive application device (42) for selectively applying the adhesive (40) only to a surface (20) of the conductor circuit (12) that is offset from the support (16),
9.2 adhesive supply means (46) for supplying the adhesive (40) in a free-flowing form,
9.3 at least one nozzle (50) for applying the adhesive (40),
9.4 at least one brush for applying the adhesive (40),
9.5 an application tool (48), the application tool (48) being controllable with respect to its position to conform to the contour of the elements or conductor tracks (24) of the conductor circuit (12),
9.6 spray device for applying the adhesive (40) by means of a spray application, and/or
9.7 coating means for selectively coating the conductor circuit (12) with the adhesive (40).
10. The apparatus (14) according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the curing device (70) comprises at least one or more of the following devices:
10.1 a mould (72) for the production of,
10.2 an autoclave (74) with a high pressure,
10.3, heating the device by using a heating device,
10.4, the melting furnace is used,
10.5 temperature control means (78) for regulating the temperature, and/or
10.6 press (76).
11. Fiber composite component (10) with an integrated electrical conductor circuit (12), the fiber composite component (10) being obtainable with a method according to one of claims 1 to 7.
12. A fiber composite component (10) having an integrated electrical conductor circuit (12), the fiber composite component (10) having a predefined pattern of conductor traces (24), the conductor traces (24) being adhesively bonded to sub-regions of the fiber composite by means of a heat-activatable adhesive (40).
13. Vehicle or wind power plant (66) comprising a fibre composite component (10) with an integrated electrical circuit (12) according to any one of claims 11 and 12.
14. Vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that the vehicle is an aircraft (62) or an airplane (64).
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for making a composite component having an integrated electrical conductor circuit.
The invention also relates to a fibre composite component which can be produced using the method and the apparatus. The invention finally relates to a vehicle or a wind power plant comprising a fibre composite component of this type.
Background
Composite materials, such as, in particular, fibre-reinforced plastics, are becoming increasingly important in the production of vehicles, in particular aircraft, such as aircraft or helicopters, and in other technical fields, such as wind power installations.
Since most composite materials are non-conductive, different techniques have been developed to provide composite components with conductive areas or layers to achieve lightning protection in particular.
In particular, according to US 2009/0004480A, US 2005/0181203 a1, US 2008/0311374 a1, US 2009/0029113 a1 and US 7678997B 2, apparatuses and methods for integrating electrically conductive metal regions into fiber composites are known.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus with which composite material parts with integrated electrical conductor circuits can be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner.
This object is achieved by a method and a device according to the independent claims. A fibre composite component obtainable with the method and the apparatus, a vehicle provided with a fibre composite component or a wind power plant provided with a fibre composite component are the subject matter of further parallel claims.
Advantageous developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for making a composite component having an integrated electrical conductor circuit, the method comprising:
a) the electrical conductor circuit is applied to the surface of the support,
b) a heat-activatable adhesive is applied to the conductor circuit,
c) placing the surface of the support provided with the conductor circuit on a part blank comprising the composite material still to be cured, and
d) the component blank is cured at a temperature above the activation temperature of the adhesive such that the adhesive activates and adhesively bonds the conductor circuit to the component.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
the electrical conductor circuit is printed on the surface.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
an electrical conductor circuit is applied to the separation membrane as a support.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
an electrical circuit is constructed on the support.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
the support and the application are chosen in such a way that the adhesion between the support and the electrical conductor circuit is lower than the adhesion of the adhesive in the activated state.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
conductor tracks of a predefined layout are applied as conductor circuits.
Preferably, step a) comprises the steps of:
a conductor track formed of metal is applied to the surface of the support.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is selectively applied only to the surface of the conductor circuit that is offset from the support.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
applying an adhesive prior to step c).
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
applying an adhesive while performing step c).
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is applied in a free-flowing form.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is applied by means of a nozzle.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is applied by means of a brush.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is applied by means of an application tool which can be controlled with respect to its position to conform to the contour of the components or conductor tracks of the conductor circuit.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the adhesive is applied by spray application.
Preferably, step b) comprises the steps of:
the conductor circuit is coated with an adhesive by a selective coating method.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
a part blank comprising a carbon fiber reinforced composite material is provided.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
a component blank pre-formed from the prepreg is provided.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
a part blank with a fiber weave or fiber scrim is provided.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
the support is placed on the outer or inner surface of the component blank, which is to be provided with the electrical conductor circuit.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
after the conductor circuit has been applied to the upper surface and the surface has been placed on the topmost layer of the component blank, the support is rotated.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
the support is placed on the mold with the surface offset from the conductor circuit, and the part blank is inserted into the mold.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
the mould surface and/or the film surface is pressed onto the area of the component blank where the support is provided.
Preferably, step c) comprises the steps of:
providing a composite panel blank comprising fibres and a curable matrix material in such a way that a composite panel can be obtained from the composite panel blank by compression moulding at elevated temperature.
Preferably, step d) comprises the steps of:
the part is cured in an autoclave and a support is applied to the part.
Preferably, step d) comprises the steps of:
the part is cured in a mold and/or vacuum packaging.
Preferably, step d) comprises the steps of:
the part is cured under high pressure.
Preferably, step d) comprises the steps of:
the part is cured in a molding press.
The method preferably comprises step e):
removing the support from the part, which occurs after step d).
According to another aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing a composite component having an integrated electrical conductor circuit, the apparatus comprising:
a conductor circuit application device for applying an electrical conductor circuit to a surface of a support,
adhesive application means for applying a heat-activatable adhesive to the conductor circuit,
a conveying device for placing the surface of the support provided with the conductor circuit on a part blank comprising the composite material still to be cured, and
and a curing device for curing the component blank at a temperature above the activation temperature of the adhesive such that the adhesive activates and adhesively bonds the conductor circuit to the component.
Preferably, the conductor circuit application device has a conductor circuit printing device for printing the electrical conductor circuit on the surface.
Preferably, the conductor circuit application device has a separation film providing device for providing a separation film as a support.
Preferably, the conductor circuit application device has a conductor circuit application controller for applying conductor tracks of a predefined layout as the conductor circuit, which conductor circuit application controller is designed to control the conductor circuit application device.
Preferably, the conductor circuit application device has a metallic material provision device for providing a metallic material for applying the conductor tracks formed of metal.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has an adhesive application controller for selectively applying adhesive only to the surface of the conductor circuit that is offset from the support, the adhesive application controller being designed to actuate the adhesive application device.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has an adhesive providing device for providing the adhesive in a free-flowing form.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has at least one nozzle for applying the adhesive.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has at least one brush for applying the adhesive.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has an application tool which is controllable with respect to its position to conform to the contour of the components or conductor tracks of the conductor circuit.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has a spray device for applying the adhesive by means of a spray application.
Preferably, the adhesive application device has a coating device for coating the conductor circuit with adhesive.
Preferably, the curing device has a mold.
Preferably, the curing device has an autoclave.
Preferably, the curing device has a heating device.
Preferably, the curing device has a furnace.
Preferably, the curing device has a temperature control device for adjusting the temperature.
Preferably, the curing device has a press.
According to another aspect, the invention provides a fibre composite component with an integrated electrical conductor circuit, which fibre composite component is obtainable with a method according to one of the preceding improvements.
According to another aspect, the invention provides a fibre composite component with an integrated electrical conductor circuit, which fibre composite component has a predefined pattern of conductor tracks which are adhesively bonded to sub-areas of the fibre composite by means of a heat-activatable adhesive.
According to another aspect, the invention provides a vehicle or a wind power plant comprising a fibre composite component with an integrated electrical circuit according to one of the preceding improvements.
The vehicle is preferably an aircraft, in particular an airplane.
An electrical conductor circuit is understood to mean at least one path in which electrons can flow from a voltage or current source, or an arrangement of paths of this type. In particular, an electrical conductor circuit is understood to mean an arrangement of conductor tracks of at least one subregion of an electrical circuit. An example of an electrical conductor circuit is an arrangement of, for example, conductor tracks, which can be found on printed circuit boards.
The invention relates to the production of composite material parts with electrical conductor circuits. The invention relates in particular to a method for the preparation required for the generation of electrical conductor tracks, electrical conductor circuits and/or paths for conducting electrons on composite parts. The method and apparatus are preferably and particularly suitable for composite material preparation of carbon fibre reinforced plastics, glass fibre reinforced plastics and hybrid composite materials, which is carried out using an autoclave or furnace.
The invention is applicable to all technologies and industries for the preparation of high power composite components in the marine and wind power fields, including aerospace, motor vehicle and motorcycle manufacturing.
To date, the integration of electrical conductor circuits in composite material structural components of commercially available aircraft or motor vehicle products has not been realized on a large scale.
The electrical conductor circuit may be implemented using different means, such as, for example:
1. the metal is sprayed on the surface of the metal,
2. the ink-jet printing is carried out,
3. electroless deposition, and the like.
Preferred improvements of the present invention relate to an apparatus and method for printing electrical conductor circuits and for applying said electrical conductor circuits to their final target components by means of a release film or pull-off film and by means of a temperature sensitive adhesive.
By separating the printing process from the application process, printing can occur with a high level of precision under controlled laboratory conditions.
The conductor circuit is preferably held in place by a separation membrane and is ultimately adhesively bonded to the component using heat and pressure. This preferably takes place only in the autoclave. Due to the application of heat and pressure, a maximum reliability of the bond can be achieved.
Some advantages of particularly preferred improvements of the present invention will be explained in more detail below.
The conductor circuit can advantageously be manufactured in a high-quality electrically conductive material.
Under controlled laboratory conditions, the conductor circuit may preferably be placed on a support, in particular a separation membrane.
Additional insulating materials, insulating and protective layers, and the like, may preferably be applied where desired or required.
A controlled amount of adhesive is preferably placed on the conductor circuit. Therefore, it is preferable that no auxiliary working process is required. The adhesive connection can advantageously be effected at high temperature and high pressure, so that a very strong connection can be achieved.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a separating foil as a preferred embodiment of the support;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of a conductor circuit application device for applying an electrical conductor circuit to a support;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of one exemplary embodiment of an adhesive application device for applying adhesive to an electrical conductor circuit;
fig. 4 shows a separating foil as an example of a support during the transport process, which separating foil is provided with a conductor circuit and an adhesive;
FIG. 5 illustrates a composite part blank with a support applied thereto;
FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a curing apparatus to prepare a composite part from a composite part blank by curing;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of another method step performed after curing;
fig. 8 shows an aircraft as an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle, in particular an aircraft, comprising a composite material part provided with conductor circuits; and
fig. 9 shows a wind power plant comprising a composite material part provided with an electrical conductor circuit.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1-7 show various stages of a method for making a composite component 10 having an integrated
Fig. 1 provides a
As shown in fig. 2,
Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a conductor
For this purpose, the conductor-
Fig. 2 also shows a separation
As shown in fig. 2, the
Thus, under controlled laboratory conditions,
According to fig. 3, a heat-
To this end, one exemplary embodiment of an
The
The
The adhesive 40 is provided as a heat sensitive adhesive. In particular, an adhesive 40 is provided, the adhesive 40 being activated at a temperature above a predetermined activation temperature and cured at such temperature. In particular, a thermosetting adhesive is provided.
The
The
Application of adhesive 40 occurs on the side of
In this way, the temperature
A
The composite part
During the otherwise usual preparation of the composite part 10, in particular by means of a suitable function of the conveying
In fig. 5, direct contact is preferably made on the
The
When contact is made, the
Fig. 6 illustrates the step of curing the
The curing
In addition, the
In one process, the
When the curing step has been completed, the composite part 10 is removed from the
The
After the
Thus, the composite part 10 provided with the
As an application example, fig. 8 shows an aircraft 64 as an example of a vehicle (in particular an aircraft). Here, for example, the panel (which forms, for example, a sub-region of the wing) can be formed from a suitable composite material part 10, so that the electrical devices on the wing can be actuated by means of the
Fig. 9 shows a wind power plant 66 as another example of a possible use of the composite material part 10, the composite material part 10 being provided with a
It goes without saying that in all application examples, actuators and the like may also be supplied with electrical power and/or control signals via the
List of reference numerals:
10 composite material part
12 conductor circuit
14 device
16 support piece
18 separation membrane
20 first surface
22 conductor circuit applying device
24 conductor track
26 conductor circuit printing device
28 conductor circuit application controller
30 mobile device
32 metallic material supply device
34 separation membrane supply device
36 supply reel
38 printing head
40 adhesive
42 adhesive applying device
44 adhesive application controller
46 adhesive supply device
48 application tool
50 nozzle
52 Another mobile device
54 conveying device
56 composite component blank providing device
58 composite part blank
60 surfaces of parts
62 aircraft
64 airplane
66 wind power plant
68 blade
70 curing device
72 mould
74 Autoclave
76 press
78 temperature control device
80 position lamp
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