阅读说明：本技术 以模式开关重构开绕组永磁电机的电动汽车集成充电系统 (Electric automobile integrated charging system with mode switch for reconstructing open winding permanent magnet motor ) 是由 杨欢 徐志伟 何绍民 李武华 于 2019-11-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及永磁电机技术,旨在提供一种以模式开关重构开绕组永磁电机的电动汽车集成充电系统。该充电系统的主电路包括交流输入电源、任意相永磁电机、电机驱动器、直流侧电容和蓄电池；任意相永磁电机为任意相开绕组永磁电机,其定子绕组两端打开并引出至定子壳体外,通过模式开关分别与交流输入电源和电机驱动器相连,共同构成整流电路；所述模式开关通过重构开绕组永磁电机的绕组作为电动汽车充电电路电感,使充电期间电机转子保持静止；所述交流输入电源是单相交流电源输入或三相交流电源输入。本发明基于常用的电动汽车集成充电系统,不增加任何硬件成本,方案通用性强,重构方式简单,能有效实现充电期间电机的转子静止。(The invention relates to a permanent magnet motor technology, and aims to provide an electric vehicle integrated charging system with an open winding permanent magnet motor reconstructed by a mode switch. The main circuit of the charging system comprises an alternating current input power supply, an arbitrary phase permanent magnet motor, a motor driver, a direct current side capacitor and a storage battery; the permanent magnet motor of any phase is a permanent magnet motor with any phase open winding, two ends of a stator winding of the permanent magnet motor are opened and led out of a stator shell, and the two ends of the stator winding are respectively connected with an alternating current input power supply and a motor driver through a mode switch to jointly form a rectifying circuit; the mode switch is used for enabling a motor rotor to keep static during charging by reconstructing a winding of the winding permanent magnet motor as an electric automobile charging circuit inductor; the AC input power is a single phase AC power input or a three phase AC power input. The invention is based on a common electric automobile integrated charging system, does not increase any hardware cost, has strong scheme universality and simple reconstruction mode, and can effectively realize the static rotor of the motor during the charging period.)

1. An electric automobile integrated charging system with an open winding permanent magnet motor reconstructed by a mode switch is characterized in that a main circuit of the charging system comprises an alternating current input power supply, an arbitrary phase permanent magnet motor, a motor driver, a direct current side capacitor and a storage battery; the motor is characterized in that the permanent magnet motor of any phase is a permanent magnet motor of any phase open winding, two ends of a stator winding of the motor are opened and led out of a stator shell, and the motor is respectively connected with an alternating current input power supply and a motor driver through a mode switch to jointly form a rectifying circuit; the mode switch is used for enabling a motor rotor to keep static during charging by reconstructing a winding of the winding permanent magnet motor as an electric automobile charging circuit inductor; the AC input power is a single phase AC power input or a three phase AC power input.

2. The integrated charging system of claim 1, wherein for a charging topology of a single-phase alternating current power input, the number of phases of any phase-open winding permanent magnet motor is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，···，W_n-1(ii) a Winding W₀，W₁，W₂，···，W_n-1The homonymous ends are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with one side of a single-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a rectifying circuit to enable a motor rotor to keep static during charging.

3. The integrated charging system of claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet motor with any open-phase winding is a symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor or an asymmetrical winding permanent magnet motor.

4. The integrated charging system of claim 1, wherein for a charging topology of a three-phase ac power input, the number of phases of a symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，···，W_n-1(ii) a Winding W_iAnd winding W_n-iThe same name end is connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of the three-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with the motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a rectifying circuit to enable the motor rotor to keep static during charging.

5. The integrated charging system of claim 1, wherein for a charging topology of a three-phase ac power input, the number of phases of the asymmetric winding permanent magnet motor is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，···，W_n-1(ii) a Note n 3m, winding W_iAnd winding W_4m-1-iThe same name end is connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of the three-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with the motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a rectifying circuit to enable the motor rotor to keep static during charging.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet motor technology, in particular to an electric automobile integrated charging system with an open winding permanent magnet motor reconstructed by a mode switch, and belongs to the technical field of electricity.

Background

With the continuous improvement of productivity, the social development demands for fossil energy such as petroleum and coal are increasingly urgent, thereby bringing about problems of environmental pollution, energy shortage and the like. Electric vehicles have attracted extensive attention of researchers in various countries around the world due to the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection, and research on related driving systems and charging systems of the electric vehicles has also made rapid progress. At present, an electric vehicle charging system is mainly divided into a direct current charging system and a vehicle-mounted alternating current charging system, and the direct current charging system is high in installation cost and poor in convenience due to the limitation of lines and devices; the vehicle-mounted alternating current charging system is low in cost and is more beneficial to popularization and application of the electric automobile. However, the existing vehicle-mounted ac charging system has the disadvantages of low charging power, large device size, redundant devices, and the like, and therefore, research on the high-power-density integrated vehicle-mounted ac charging system becomes a hot spot in the field of electric vehicles.

The integrated charging system of the electric automobile refers to a new high-power-density integrated vehicle-mounted charging system formed by reconstructing a motor winding of the electric automobile as an energy storage filter inductor and multiplexing a motor driver with higher power grade as a rectifier. Through the reconstruction mode, an original electric automobile driving system is converted into a charging system without additionally adding devices, the vehicle-mounted alternating current charging power can be improved, the space in the automobile is saved, the cost is greatly reduced, and the popularization of the electric automobile is promoted.

The integrated charging system is divided into a single-phase alternating current charging system and a three-phase alternating current charging system according to the type of an input power supply, and the reconstructed motor comprises a three-phase permanent magnet motor and a multi-phase permanent magnet motor. Researchers have proposed integrated charging topologies with multiple winding reconfigurations for different types of input power supplies and permanent magnet motors, respectively, with the common goal of ensuring that the rotor of the motor is stationary during charging. However, the winding reconstruction methods proposed by various research schemes are complicated and changeable, and need to be designed according to a specific occasion, but are not applicable based on another occasion, so that the existing schemes have poor universality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides an electric automobile integrated charging system with an open winding permanent magnet motor reconstructed by a mode switch.

In order to solve the technical problem, the solution of the invention is as follows:

the main circuit of the charging system comprises an alternating current input power supply, an arbitrary phase permanent magnet motor, a motor driver, a direct current side capacitor and a storage battery; the permanent magnet motor of any phase is a permanent magnet motor with an open winding of any phase, two ends of a stator winding of the permanent magnet motor are opened and led out of a stator shell, and the two ends of the stator winding are respectively connected with an alternating current input power supply and a motor driver through a mode switch to jointly form a rectifying circuit; the mode switch is used for enabling a motor rotor to keep static during charging by reconstructing a winding of the winding permanent magnet motor as an electric automobile charging circuit inductor; the AC input power is a single phase AC power input or a three phase AC power input.

In the invention, the permanent magnet motor with any phase-opening winding is a symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor or an asymmetrical winding permanent magnet motor.

In the invention, for a charging topology input by a single-phase alternating-current power supply, the phase number of a permanent magnet motor with any phase open winding is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，…，W_n-1(ii) a Winding W₀，W₁，W₂，…，W_n-1The homonymous ends are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with one side of a single-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a rectifying circuit to enable a motor rotor to keep static during charging.

In the invention, for a charging topology input by a three-phase alternating current power supply, the phase number of a permanent magnet motor with a symmetrical winding is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，…，W_n-1(ii) a Winding W_iAnd winding W_n-iThe ends with the same name are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a structureAnd a rectifying circuit for keeping the motor rotor stationary during charging.

In the invention, for a charging topology input by a three-phase alternating current power supply, the phase number of the asymmetric winding permanent magnet motor is recorded as n; selecting the serial number of any phase winding as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are W in turn in the anticlockwise direction₁，W₂，…，W_n-1(ii) a Note n 3m, winding W_iAnd winding W_4m-1-iThe same name end is connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of the three-phase alternating current power supply, the other end of the connected winding is connected with the motor driver, and the winding and the motor driver form a rectifying circuit to enable the motor rotor to keep static during charging.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the method is based on a common electric automobile integrated charging system, does not increase any hardware cost, has all reconstruction modes based on the original hardware conditions of the system, is simple in reconstruction mode, and can effectively realize the static state of the rotor of the motor during the charging period.

(2) The invention is suitable for reconstruction of a symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor and an asymmetrical winding permanent magnet motor, is also suitable for integrated charging topology of single-phase alternating current power supply input and three-phase alternating current power supply input, and has strong scheme universality.

(3) In the reconstruction mode provided by the invention, the motor windings meeting the reconstruction relation can be connected by adopting the same-name ends and can also be connected end to end, so that the equivalent inductance value of the system is increased, and the performance of the charging circuit is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a main circuit diagram of an integrated charging system of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram for specifying the winding number of the permanent magnet motor with any phase-open winding.

Fig. 3 is a winding reconfiguration diagram of a single-phase ac integrated charging system based on a three-phase permanent magnet motor.

Fig. 4 is a winding reconfiguration diagram of a three-phase alternating current integrated charging system based on a five-phase permanent magnet motor.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of an asymmetric winding orthogonal reference frame.

Fig. 6 is a winding reconfiguration diagram of a three-phase ac integrated charging system based on a six-phase asymmetric winding permanent magnet machine.

Detailed Description

The winding reconfiguration proposed by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

The invention is based on a common integrated charging system of an electric automobile, and as shown in fig. 1, a main circuit of the charging system comprises a single-phase or three-phase alternating-current input power supply 1, a mode switch 2, an arbitrary-phase permanent magnet motor 3, a motor driver 4, a direct-current side capacitor 5 and a storage battery 6. The permanent magnet motor 3 of any phase is an open winding motor, one end of the winding is connected with a single-phase or three-phase alternating current input power supply 1 after the winding is reconstructed, and the other end of the winding is connected with a motor driver 4 to jointly form a rectifying circuit.

The invention is based on the reconstruction of the permanent magnet motor winding with any phase open winding, and for convenient analysis, the serial number of the permanent magnet motor winding with any phase open winding is specified as follows, as shown in figure 2: the number of phases of the permanent magnet motor with any phase open winding is recorded as n, and any phase winding is selected and recorded as W₀The serial numbers of the other phase windings are sequentially W in the anticlockwise direction_i，W₂，…，W_n-1。

(1) In the electric automobile integrated charging system for reconstructing the open-winding permanent magnet motor by the mode switch, the winding W is used for the charging topology of the single-phase alternating current power supply input₀，W₁，W₂，…，W_n-1The homonymous ends are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with one side of a single-phase alternating current power supply, and the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver.

Any symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor decoupling transformation matrix is

Wherein n is the number of motor phases, α is the winding space distribution angle, α ═ 2 pi/n.

Setting the current matrix in the winding as

I＝I_m[cos(kωt-θ₀)，cos(kωt-θ₁)，cos(kωt-θ₂)，…，cos(kωt-θ_n-1)]

Wherein, I_mIs the current amplitude, k is the current harmonic order, θ_iThe phase of the current in the i-th phase winding.

According to the first two rows of decoupling transformation matrixes and the current matrixes of any phase motor, the plane component of the motor phase current torque can be obtained as

Due to the winding W₀，W₁，W₂，…，W_n-1End to end or end to end under the same name, then theta₀＝θ₁＝θ₂＝…θ_n-1Therefore, the above formula can be simplified to

According to the above formula, the winding W is used₀，W₁，W₂，…，W_n-1The reconstruction mode of end-to-end connection or end-to-end connection of the same name enables the current torque plane component I_a＝I_βAt 0, the motor does not generate electromagnetic torque, thereby achieving that the rotor of the motor is stationary during charging.

The same conclusions can be drawn by the same analysis when the motor windings are asymmetric.

Taking a single-phase alternating-current integrated charging system based on a three-phase permanent magnet motor as an example, a winding reconfiguration method is described in detail, as shown in fig. 3: w of a three-phase open-winding permanent magnet motor 201(202) shown as a dual motor drive integrated charging system₀Winding 300, W₁Windings 301, W₂Two ends of the winding 302 are opened and led out of the stator shell, the same-name ends of the winding are connected, one end of the reconstructed winding is connected with the single-phase alternating-current power supply 10, the other end of the reconstructed winding is respectively connected with three bridge arms of the motor driver 101, and the current phase of the winding meets theta₀＝θ₁＝θ₂Therefore, the output torque of the motor is zero during charging, and the rotor is kept static.The three-phase winding and the motor driver 101 jointly form a parallel single-phase H-bridge circuit, and can be controlled according to a common method of a single-phase rectification circuit, so that constant-voltage charging, unit power factor correction and the like are realized. In particular, if W₀Winding 300, W₁Windings 301, W₂The windings 302 are connected end to form a single-phase rectification circuit, the equivalent inductance value is increased by 3 times, the filtering effect is improved, and the current borne by the power device is changed to 3 times of the original current.

(2) In the electric automobile integrated charging system with the mode switch to reconstruct the open-winding permanent magnet motor, the winding W of the symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor is used for the charging topology of the three-phase alternating current power supply input_iAnd winding W_n-iThe ends with the same name are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply, and the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver.

Similar to (1), according to the first two rows of decoupling transformation matrix and current matrix of any phase motor, the motor phase current torque plane component can be obtained, because of winding W_iAnd winding W_n-iEnd to end or end to end under the same name, then theta_i＝θ_n-iThus, the current torque plane component is

According to the above formula, the winding W is used_iAnd winding W_n-iThe reconstruction mode of end-to-end connection or end-to-end connection of the same name enables the current torque plane component I_a≠0，I_βWhen the motor is charged, the rotor of the motor is static during charging, a pulsating magnetic field is generated inside the motor, and starting torque is not generated.

Taking a three-phase alternating-current integrated charging system based on a five-phase permanent magnet motor as an example, a winding reconfiguration method is described in detail, as shown in fig. 4: illustrated is a three-phase AC integrated charging system based on a five-phase permanent magnet motor, W of a five-phase open winding permanent magnet motor 203₀ Winding 500, W₁Windings 501, W₂Windings 502, W₃Winding 503, W₄The winding 504 is open at both ends and is ledOut of the stator housing, W₀One end of the winding 500 is independently connected with a power supply A phase 11, and the other end of the winding is connected with a first bridge arm 1-1 of the motor driver 102; w₁Windings 501 and W₄The homonymous ends of the windings 504 are connected, one end of the reconstructed winding is connected with a power supply B phase 12, and the other end of the reconstructed winding is respectively connected with a second bridge arm 1-2 and a third bridge arm 1-3 of the motor driver 102; w₂Windings 502 and W₃The windings 503 are connected with the same-name end, one end of the reconstructed winding is connected with the power supply C phase 13, the other end of the reconstructed winding is respectively connected with the third bridge arm 1-3 and the fourth bridge arm 1-4 of the motor driver 102, and the current phase of the winding meets theta₁＝θ₄，θ₂＝θ₃Therefore, the output torque of the motor is zero during charging, and the rotor is kept static. The five-phase winding and the motor driver 102 together form a three-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit, which can be controlled according to the general method of the three-phase rectifier circuit, thereby realizing constant-voltage charging, unit power factor correction and the like.

(3) In the electric automobile integrated charging system with the open-winding permanent magnet motor reconstructed by the mode switch, for the charging topology of three-phase alternating current power supply input, for the asymmetric-winding permanent magnet motor, the number n is 3m, and the winding W is wound_iAnd winding W_4m-1-iThe ends with the same name are connected or end-to-end connected, one end of the connected winding is connected with any phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply, and the other end of the connected winding is connected with a motor driver.

Any symmetrical winding permanent magnet motor decoupling transformation matrix is

Wherein n is the number of motor phases, and β is the winding space distribution angle.

If the positive direction of the abscissa of the orthogonal coordinate system is fixed in the middle of the front m-phase winding, which corresponds to the reference coordinate system rotated counterclockwise by β (m-1)/2 degrees, as shown in fig. 5, the transformation matrix is the same as

Due to the winding W_iAnd winding W_4m-1-iEnd to end or end to end under the same name, then theta_i＝θ_4m-1-iSimilar to the derivation procedure in (2), the plane component I of the current torque can be obtained_a≠0，I_βWhen the motor is charged, the rotor of the motor is static during charging, a pulsating magnetic field is generated inside the motor, and starting torque is not generated. In particular, for 4m-1-i > n-1, 4m-1-i the total number of windings should be subtracted by 3m, becoming m-1-i.

Taking a three-phase alternating-current integrated charging system based on a six-phase asymmetric winding permanent magnet motor as an example, a winding reconfiguration method is explained in detail, as shown in fig. 6: illustrated is a three-phase ac integrated charging system based on a six-phase asymmetric winding permanent magnet machine, W of a six-phase open winding permanent magnet machine 204₀ Winding 600, W_iWinding 601, W₂Winding 602, W₃ Windings 603, W₄ Winding 604, W₅Both ends of the winding 605 are opened and led out of the stator housing, W₀Winding 600 and W_iThe homonymous ends of the windings 601 are connected, one end of each reconstructed winding is separately connected with a power supply A phase 21, and the other end of each reconstructed winding is connected with a first bridge arm 2-1 and a second bridge arm 2-2 of the motor driver 103; w₂Winding 602 and W₅The homonymous ends of the windings 605 are connected, one end of the reconstructed winding is connected with a power supply B phase 22, and the other end of the reconstructed winding is respectively connected with a third bridge arm 2-3 and a fourth bridge arm 2-4 of the motor driver 103; w₃Windings 603 and W₄The homonymous ends of the windings 604 are connected, one end of the reconstructed winding is connected with the power supply C phase 23, the other end of the reconstructed winding is respectively connected with the fifth bridge arm 2-5 and the sixth bridge arm 2-6 of the motor driver 103, and the current phase of the winding meets theta₀＝θ₁，θ₂＝θ₅，θ₃＝θ₄Therefore, the output torque of the motor is zero during charging, and the rotor is kept static. The six-phase winding and the motor driver 103 together form a three-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit, which can be controlled according to the general method of the three-phase rectifier circuit, thereby realizing constant-voltage charging, unit power factor correction and the like.