阅读说明：本技术 电动车自动充换电系统及电动车自动充换电方法 (Automatic charging and replacing system and method for electric vehicle ) 是由 刘宇青 杨炜达 张利权 吕瑞瑞 彭智军 于 2018-08-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种电动车自动充换电系统及电动车自动充换电方法。电动车自动充换电系统包括电动车、装载于电动车一端的电池组件、及用来给电池组件补充电能的充电装置；电动车设有一端开口的收容腔及设置于收容腔开口一端的可开合的挡板；电池组件包括储存电能的电池包及用来限位支撑电池包并在受力情况下带动电池包移动的移动支架；电池组件收容于收容腔中,电池包靠近挡板的一端设有电极接出件,移动支架靠近挡板的一端设有磁性件；充电装置包括支撑台、自支撑台一侧凸伸形成的支撑板、能够对磁性件产生磁力吸引作用的电磁配合件及用来与电极接出件电性连接的充电器。本发明能够实现电动车的自动充换电,降低人员劳动强度。(The invention provides an automatic charging and replacing system and an automatic charging and replacing method for an electric vehicle. The automatic charging and battery replacing system of the electric vehicle comprises the electric vehicle, a battery assembly loaded at one end of the electric vehicle and a charging device used for supplementing electric energy to the battery assembly; the electric vehicle is provided with an accommodating cavity with an opening at one end and an openable baffle arranged at one end of the opening of the accommodating cavity; the battery component comprises a battery pack for storing electric energy and a movable bracket for limiting and supporting the battery pack and driving the battery pack to move under the stress condition; the battery pack is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, an electrode receiving piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle, of the battery pack, and a magnetic piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle, of the movable support; the charging device comprises a supporting table, a supporting plate formed by protruding from one side of the supporting table, an electromagnetic matching piece capable of generating magnetic attraction effect on the magnetic piece and a charger used for being electrically connected with the electrode connecting piece. The invention can realize the automatic charging and battery changing of the electric vehicle and reduce the labor intensity of personnel.)

1. The utility model provides an automatic system of trading that fills of electric motor car which characterized in that: comprises an electric vehicle, a battery component loaded at one end of the electric vehicle, and a charging device used for supplementing electric energy to the battery component; the electric vehicle is provided with an accommodating cavity with an opening at one end and a baffle plate which is positioned at one end of the opening of the accommodating cavity and can be opened and closed; the battery component comprises a battery pack for storing electric energy and a movable bracket for limiting and supporting the battery pack and driving the battery pack to move under the stress condition; the battery pack is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, an electrode receiving piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle plate, of the battery pack, and a magnetic piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle plate, of the movable support; the charging device comprises a supporting table, a supporting plate formed by protruding from one side of the supporting table, an electromagnetic matching piece capable of generating magnetic attraction on the magnetic piece and a charger used for being electrically connected with the electrode connecting piece; when the supporting plate is contacted with the baffle plate, the baffle plate is changed from a closed state to an open state, so that the battery component leaves the accommodating cavity under the magnetic attraction effect of the electromagnetic matching piece on the magnetic piece and moves along the supporting plate until the electrode connecting piece is electrically contacted with the charger.

2. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the other electrode connecting piece is arranged at one end of the battery pack, which is far away from the baffle plate, and is used for being electrically connected with the electric vehicle; the end of the movable bracket far away from the baffle is provided with another magnetic part, and the accommodating cavity of the electric vehicle is provided with another electromagnetic matching part.

3. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charging device also comprises a limiting component arranged on the supporting platform; the limiting assembly comprises a fixing seat and two limiting strips, wherein the two limiting strips are arranged at an included angle, and the end parts which are close to each other are respectively connected with the fixing seat in a rotating manner.

4. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the electromagnetic matching piece comprises an electromagnet and a power supply capable of providing current for the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is arranged on the supporting table and located between the two limiting strips.

5. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charger comprises a body and a charging connector electrically connected with the body; the body is arranged on the supporting table, and the charging connector is used for electrically contacting the electrode connecting piece at one end of the battery pack close to the baffle.

6. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the movable support comprises a base, a coaming formed by protruding from the edge of the base to one side and a plurality of rollers arranged on the other side of the base; the base and the coaming enclose an open space for placing and limiting the battery pack; the magnetic part is fixedly connected to one side of the enclosing plate close to the baffle.

7. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles according to claim 6, wherein: the rollers comprise two rows of outer rollers arranged oppositely at intervals and two rows of inner rollers arranged oppositely at intervals, the two rows of inner rollers and the two rows of outer rollers are arranged in parallel, and the two rows of inner rollers are positioned between the two rows of outer rollers; in the vertical direction, the lowest point of the outer roller is positioned below the lowest point of the inner roller and the distance difference is equal to the thickness of the supporting plate.

8. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charging device further comprises a driving piece capable of driving the supporting table to move in the vertical direction.

9. The automatic battery charging and replacing system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric vehicle also comprises a standby power supply, wherein the standby power supply can drive the electric vehicle to move after the battery assembly is unloaded; the standby power supply can be electrically connected with the battery assembly to supplement electric quantity.

10. An electric vehicle automatic charging and replacing method suitable for the electric vehicle automatic charging and replacing system of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

moving the electric vehicle to be charged to an idle charging device and approaching the end of the electric vehicle, which is provided with the battery assembly, to the charging device;

the baffle of the moving electric vehicle is pushed open by the supporting plate of the charging device to expose the battery component;

the magnetic part on one side of the battery assembly, which is close to the baffle plate, is attracted by the electromagnetic mating part of the charging device, and at the moment, the movable support of the battery assembly drives the battery pack to move along the support plate under the action of attraction force so that the electrode connecting-out part of the battery pack is electrically contacted with the charger of the charging device;

the electric vehicle moves to another charging device having the same type of battery pack with the charging completed and loads the battery pack with the charging completed, or the electric vehicle waits for the battery pack with which it is charging and loads the battery pack after the charging is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging and battery replacing, in particular to an automatic electric vehicle charging and battery replacing system and an automatic electric vehicle charging and battery replacing method.

Background

With the shortage of petrochemical energy and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, power batteries are widely used due to the characteristics of quick charge and discharge, long cycle life, environmental friendliness and the like, and are particularly rapidly developed in the field of electric vehicles. In the prior art, electric vehicles such as an electric forklift, an electric ball car, an Automatic Guided Vehicle (AGV) and the like basically adopt manual charging and battery replacement, but the operation is long, and the labor intensity of personnel is increased. In order to improve the charging and converting automation degree of the electric vehicles, the currently adopted servo systems such as X-Y tables have the defects of complex structure, high cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic electric vehicle charging and replacing system and an automatic electric vehicle charging and replacing method, which can reduce the labor intensity of personnel and have high automation degree.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic charging and battery-replacing system for an electric vehicle, comprising an electric vehicle, a battery assembly mounted on one end of the electric vehicle, and a charging device for replenishing charging energy to the battery assembly; the electric vehicle is provided with an accommodating cavity with an opening at one end and a baffle plate which is positioned at one end of the opening of the accommodating cavity and can be opened and closed; the battery component comprises a battery pack for storing electric energy and a movable bracket for limiting and supporting the battery pack and driving the battery pack to move under the stress condition; the battery pack is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, an electrode receiving piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle plate, of the battery pack, and a magnetic piece is arranged at one end, close to the baffle plate, of the movable support; the charging device comprises a supporting table, a supporting plate formed by protruding from one side of the supporting table, an electromagnetic matching piece capable of generating magnetic attraction on the magnetic piece and a charger used for being electrically connected with the electrode connecting piece; when the supporting plate is contacted with the baffle plate, the baffle plate is changed from a closed state to an open state, so that the battery component leaves the accommodating cavity under the magnetic attraction effect of the electromagnetic matching piece on the magnetic piece and moves along the supporting plate until the electrode connecting piece is electrically contacted with the charger.

The invention also provides an electric vehicle automatic charging and battery replacing method suitable for the electric vehicle automatic charging and battery replacing system, which comprises the following steps:

moving the electric vehicle to be charged to an idle charging device and approaching the end of the electric vehicle, which is provided with the battery assembly, to the charging device;

the baffle of the moving electric vehicle is pushed open by the supporting plate of the charging device to expose the battery component;

the magnetic part on one side of the battery assembly, which is close to the baffle plate, is attracted by the electromagnetic mating part of the charging device, and at the moment, the movable support of the battery assembly drives the battery pack to move along the support plate under the action of attraction force so that the electrode connecting-out part of the battery pack is electrically contacted with the charger of the charging device;

the electric vehicle moves to another charging device having the same type of battery pack with the charging completed and loads the battery pack with the charging completed, or the electric vehicle waits for the battery pack with which it is charging and loads the battery pack after the charging is completed.

The automatic battery charging and replacing system for the electric vehicle has high automation degree, realizes automatic unloading, automatic charging and automatic installation of the battery assembly through the matched motion of the electric vehicle and the charging device, and has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost and unlimited expansion of the charging device. The automatic charging and replacing method for the electric vehicle provided by the invention realizes automatic charging and replacing of the electric vehicle, can reduce the labor intensity of personnel and improve the utilization rate of the electric vehicle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic charging and replacing system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an electric vehicle in the automatic charging and replacing system for the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a battery assembly in the automatic charging and replacing system of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a charging device in the automatic charging and replacing system of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of an automatic battery charging and replacing method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the main elements

The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention provides an automatic charging and replacing system 100 for an electric vehicle, which includes an electric vehicle 10, a battery assembly 20 for storing electric energy, and a charging device 30 for supplementing electric energy to the battery assembly 20. In the present embodiment, the battery pack 20 is mounted at one end of the electric vehicle 10 for driving the electric vehicle 10; the number of the charging devices 30 is multiple and can be infinitely expanded, so that the automatic charging and replacing system 100 for the electric vehicle can simultaneously charge and replace a plurality of battery assemblies 20.

The working principle of the automatic charging and replacing system 100 for the electric vehicle is as follows: each charging device 30 charges only one battery assembly 20 at a time, the electric vehicle 10 moves to the vicinity of an idle charging device 30 when the electric quantity of the battery assembly 20 of the electric vehicle is insufficient, then the automatic unloading of the battery assembly 20 is realized through the matching motion of the electric vehicle 10 and the charging device 30, the electric vehicle 10 searches for and approaches other similar battery assemblies 20 which have completed charging, and the quick automatic loading of the battery assembly 20 is realized through the matching motion of the electric vehicle 10 and the charging device 30 to realize the whole charging and replacing process. It can be understood that the unloaded battery assembly 20 is electrically connected to the charging device 30 for power supply. The electric vehicle 10 may wait for the battery assembly 20 to be charged and then automatically load the battery assembly 20.

The electric vehicle 10 may be an electric vehicle such as an AGV, an electric forklift, an electric dome car, or the like, and in this embodiment, the electric vehicle 10 is an AGV and can travel along a predetermined guidance route. The automatic charging and battery replacing process of the AGV is as follows: presetting a charging and replacing guide path for the AGV, so that the AGV can firstly move to the vicinity of an idle charging device 30 according to the charging and replacing guide path when needing to be charged, then the AGV and the charging device 30 move in a matching way to unload the battery assembly 20, and the battery assembly 20 and the charging device 30 are electrically connected to start charging; then, the AGV leaves the charging device 30 according to the charging and replacement guide path and moves to another charging device 30 to which the battery assembly 20 having been charged is connected, and the battery assembly 20 having been charged is loaded on the AGV by the cooperative movement of the AGV and the another charging device 30.

It can be understood that in the automatic charging and replacing system 100 for an electric vehicle, a plurality of charging devices 30 provide a charging function to the electric vehicle 10 having the same type of battery assembly 20. The number of the charging devices 30 is greater than that of the battery packs 20 of the electric vehicle 10, and each battery pack 20 is suitable for a plurality of charging devices 30, which can prevent the electric vehicle 10 from waiting for a long time when the battery packs 20 are charged, thereby improving the utilization rate of the electric vehicle 10.

Referring to fig. 2, the electric vehicle 10 is provided with a receiving cavity 11 having an opening at one end and a baffle 12 disposed at one end of the receiving cavity 11, wherein the receiving cavity 11 is used for receiving the battery assembly 20, and the baffle 12 has an opening and closing function. Specifically, when the baffle 12 is closed, one end of the opening of the accommodating cavity 11 is closed, and the battery assembly 20 is received in the accommodating cavity 11 by being restricted by the baffle 12. When the shutter 12 is opened, the battery pack 20 can be separated from the housing chamber 11 from the open end of the housing chamber 11.

Further, the electric vehicle 10 further includes a backup power source (not shown), which can drive the electric vehicle 10 to move in a short time after the battery assembly 20 is unloaded. It is understood that the backup power source can be electrically connected to the battery assembly 20 and obtain power supplement from the battery assembly 20 after its own power consumption.

Referring to fig. 3, the battery assembly 20 includes a battery pack 21 for storing energy and a movable bracket 22, wherein the movable bracket 22 is used for spacing and supporting the battery pack 21 and driving the battery pack 21 to move under a force. The battery pack 21 includes a hollow case body 211 and battery modules (not shown) accommodated in the hollow of the case body 211. As can be appreciated, in the prior art, the energy stored in a single power battery is limited, and therefore, a battery module capable of storing more electric power is required to drive the electric vehicle 10 and provide a certain driving range. The box body 211 has a dustproof and waterproof function, and plays a role in protecting the battery module contained therein.

Specifically, the opposite ends of the battery pack 21 are respectively provided with an electrode receiving and outputting member 212, and the electrode receiving and outputting member 212 is electrically connected with the battery module and extends out of the box body 211. The electrode connecting member 212 located at an end of the battery pack 21 away from the baffle 12 is used for electrically connecting with the electric vehicle 10, so that the battery module provides electric energy for the electric vehicle 10. The electrode receiving member 212 located at one end of the battery pack 21 close to the baffle 12 is used for electrically connecting with the charging device 30, so that the charging device 30 charges the battery module. In this embodiment, the number of the electrode receiving members 212 at the same end of the battery pack 21 is two, and the two electrode receiving members are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery module.

The moving frame 22 includes a base 221, a surrounding plate 222 formed by protruding from an edge of the base 221 to one side, and a plurality of rollers 223 mounted on the other side of the base 221. The battery pack 21 is placed on the base 221 and is retained between the enclosure plates 222. In this embodiment, the case 211 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and the base 221 and the enclosure 222 enclose a rectangular parallelepiped open space. The enclosing plate 222 includes two first side plates 2221 disposed opposite to each other at intervals and two second side plates 2222 disposed opposite to each other at intervals, wherein the two first side plates 2221 are respectively located at two ends of the battery pack 21 where the electrode connectors 212 are disposed. Specifically, the electrode connectors 212 respectively penetrate through the first side plate 2221 at the corresponding end, so as to be electrically connected to the electric vehicle 10 or the charging device 30. Further, the two first side plates 2221 are respectively provided with a magnetic element 23 on a side opposite to the battery pack 21, and the magnetic elements 23 make the movable bracket 22 drive the battery pack 21 to move along the force-bearing direction under the condition of being attracted by magnetic force.

Referring to fig. 4, the charging device 30 includes a supporting base 31, a supporting plate 32 formed by protruding from one side of the supporting base 31, an electromagnetic matching element 33, a limiting component 34, and a charger 35. The electromagnetic mating member 33 is mounted on the support platform 31 and includes an electromagnet 331 and a power source 332 capable of supplying current to the electromagnet 331, and when the power source 332 supplies current to the electromagnet 331, the electromagnet 331 generates a magnetic force for attracting the magnetic member 23. The limiting component 34 is mounted on the supporting platform 31 and includes a fixing base 341 and two limiting strips 342, wherein the two limiting strips 342 are disposed at an included angle and the end portions close to each other are respectively rotatably connected to the fixing base 341. In this embodiment, the electromagnet 331 is located between two limit bars 342. The charger 35 includes a main body 351 and a charging connector 352 electrically connected to the main body 351, wherein the charging connector 352 is electrically connected to the electrode outlet 212 of the battery pack 21. In this embodiment, the number of the charging connectors 352 is two, and the two charging connectors are respectively electrically connected to the two electrode connectors 212 at the end of the battery pack 21 close to the baffle 12, so that the charging function of the battery assembly 20 by the charging device 30 can be realized when the charging connectors 352 are electrically contacted with the electrode connectors 212.

In actual use, the electric vehicle 10 actively moves to the vicinity of an idle charging device 30 when it finds that the battery pack 20 is short of its own battery pack, and controls the moving route and orientation so that the end of the electric vehicle 10 loaded with the battery pack 20 approaches the charging device 30 until the baffle 12 of the electric vehicle 10 contacts the support plate 32 of the charging device 30. Then, the baffle 12 is changed from the closed state to the open state by the supporting plate 32, and at the same time, the power source 332 of the electromagnetic fitting 33 energizes the electromagnet 331 to make the electromagnet 331 generate an attraction force on the magnetic member 23 on the battery assembly 20, so that the battery assembly 20 moves out of the receiving cavity 11 by the attraction force. Then, the roller 223 rolls along the supporting plate 32 until the magnetic member 23 abuts against the electromagnet 331 and stops moving, and at the same time, the electrode receiving member 212 of the battery pack 21 near one end of the baffle 12 is electrically connected with the charging connector 352 of the charger 35, so that the electric vehicle 10 automatically unloads the battery assembly 20 and charges the battery assembly. In addition, battery pack 20 moves the in-process towards electro-magnet 331 under the magnetic attraction effect, and the one end that fixing base 341 was kept away from to two spacing strips 342 is propped open by battery pack 20, and the contained angle between two spacing strips 342 increases promptly, and when battery pack 20 stopped moving, two spacing strips 342 contradict respectively in the both sides of moving movable support 22, play limiting displacement to moving movable support 22, avoid battery pack 20 to produce and rock about.

In this embodiment, the plurality of rollers 223 includes two rows of outer rollers 2231 disposed opposite to each other at intervals and two rows of inner rollers 2232 disposed opposite to each other at intervals, wherein the two rows of inner rollers 2232 are disposed parallel to the two rows of outer rollers 2231, and the two rows of inner rollers 2232 are located between the two rows of outer rollers 2231. The lowest point of the outer roller 2231 is located below the lowest point of the inner roller 2232 in the vertical direction by a distance difference equal to the thickness of the support plate 32. When the battery assembly 20 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 11, the two rows of outer rollers 2231 contact the bottom wall of the accommodating cavity 11, and at this time, the battery assembly 20 moves by the rotation of the two rows of outer rollers 2231. When the battery assembly 20 moves along the support plate 32, the two rows of inner rollers 2232 contact the support plate 32, i.e., the movement of the battery assembly 20 on the support plate 32 depends on the rotation of the two rows of inner rollers 2232. The plurality of rollers 223 are disposed as the outer roller 2231 and the inner roller 2232, so that the supporting plate 32 can be inserted into the accommodating cavity 11, and the battery assembly 20 can be stably moved onto the supporting plate 32.

When the charged battery pack 20 needs to be loaded on the electric vehicle 10, the power supply 332 of the electromagnetic matching element 33 cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet 331, so that the electromagnet 331 loses the magnetic attraction to the magnetic element 23 of the battery pack 20. In one embodiment, the electromagnetic mating element 33 is also disposed in the receiving cavity 11 of the electric vehicle 10, and when the electromagnetic mating element 33 of the charging device 30 cuts off the power supply 332 to supply power to the electromagnet 331, an attraction force in an opposite direction is generated on the magnetic element 23 at the end of the battery assembly 20 away from the charging device 30, so that the battery assembly 20 moves into the receiving cavity 11. Finally, the battery assembly 20 is electrically connected with the electric vehicle 10 and separated from the charging device 30, and the baffle 12 automatically changes from the open state to the closed state after losing the abutment of the supporting plate 32.

Further, the charging device 30 further includes a driving member, such as a lifting cylinder, capable of driving the supporting platform 31 to move in the vertical direction. The support table 31 having the liftable function facilitates the charging device 30 to satisfy the charging requirements of a wider variety of electric vehicles 10 because the heights of the battery packs 20 of different types of electric vehicles 10 from the ground are not easily uniform.

Furthermore, the charging device 30 further includes a protection cover 36 covering the support platform 31, and the electromagnetic matching element 33, the limiting component 34 and the charger 35 are located in a space enclosed by the protection cover 36 and the support platform 31, so as to have a dustproof protection function and improve the aesthetic feeling of the appearance.

Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic battery charging and replacing method for an electric vehicle, which is suitable for the automatic battery charging and replacing system 100 for an electric vehicle provided in any of the above embodiments, and the method mainly includes the following steps:

step S101: the electric vehicle 10 to be charged moves to an idle one of the charging devices 30 and the end of the electric vehicle 10 carrying the battery pack 20 is approached toward the charging device 30;

step S102: the barrier 12 of the moving electric vehicle 10 is pushed open by the support plate 32 of the charging device 30 to expose the battery assembly 20;

step S103: the magnetic member 23 of the battery assembly 20 near the side of the baffle 12 is attracted by the electromagnetic mating member of the charging device 30, and at this time, the movable support 22 of the battery assembly 20 drives the battery pack 21 to move along the support plate 32 under the attraction force, so that the electrode outlet member 212 of the battery pack 21 is electrically contacted with the charger 35 of the charging device 30;

step S104: the electric vehicle 10 waits for the completion of charging of the battery assembly 20 and then reloads the battery assembly 20, or the electric vehicle 10 moves to another charging device 30 to which the charged battery assembly 20 is connected and loads the charged battery assembly 20.

The electric vehicle 10 moves to another charging device 30 having the same type of battery pack 20 whose charging is completed and loads the battery pack 20 whose charging is completed, or the electric vehicle 10 waits for the battery pack 20 whose charging is being completed and loads it after the charging is completed.

In addition, other modifications within the spirit of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, and such modifications are, of course, included within the scope of the invention as claimed.