阅读说明：本技术 电动车换电系统、换电站及换电方法 (Electric vehicle battery replacing system, battery replacing station and battery replacing method ) 是由 李享 朱伟强 王哲 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种电动车换电系统、换电站及换电方法,所述电动车换电系统包括换电工位、电池仓库及移载装置；换电工位用于供电动车停靠,并进行电池总成的更换；电池总成设于电动车的底盘的下侧,电池总成与底盘通过锁止装置连接；电池仓库设有多个存放工位,存放工位用于存放电动车卸下的电池总成,并对电池总成充电；移载装置用于实现电动车卸载的电池总成与电池仓库存放的电池总成在换电工位与存放工位之间的移位。本发明可便捷地对电动车的底盘进行电池总成的换电操作,不仅占地空间小,安全可靠,而且可满足不同电力需求的电动车的换电作业。(The invention provides an electric vehicle battery replacing system, a battery replacing station and a battery replacing method, wherein the electric vehicle battery replacing system comprises a battery replacing station, a battery warehouse and a transfer device; the battery replacement station is used for stopping the electric vehicle and replacing the battery assembly; the battery assembly is arranged on the lower side of a chassis of the electric vehicle and connected with the chassis through a locking device; the battery warehouse is provided with a plurality of storage stations, and the storage stations are used for storing the battery assemblies dismounted by the electric vehicle and charging the battery assemblies; the transfer device is used for shifting the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle and the battery assembly stored in the battery warehouse between the battery replacement station and the storage station. The invention can conveniently carry out the battery replacing operation of the battery assembly on the chassis of the electric vehicle, has small occupied space, is safe and reliable, and can meet the battery replacing operation of the electric vehicle with different power requirements.)

1. An electric vehicle battery replacement system, comprising:

the battery replacing station is used for stopping the electric vehicle so as to replace the battery assembly; the battery assembly is arranged on the lower side of a chassis of the electric vehicle and connected with the chassis through a locking device;

the battery warehouse is provided with a plurality of storage stations, and the storage stations are used for storing the battery assemblies and charging the battery assemblies;

the transferring device is used for realizing the displacement of the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle and the battery assembly stored in the battery warehouse between the battery replacing station and the storage station;

the locking device comprises a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the chassis is connected with the battery assembly, and in the second state, the chassis is separated from the battery assembly.

2. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 1,

the transferring device comprises a battery changing transfer cart; the battery replacing transfer cart can move between the battery replacing station and the battery warehouse along a first direction;

the plurality of storage stations on the battery warehouse are respectively arranged along a first direction and a second direction in an array shape, and the first direction is vertical to the second direction; the plurality of storage stations can drive the battery assembly to sequentially shift on each storage station along the first direction and/or the second direction.

3. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 2,

when the battery replacing transfer cart moves to the battery replacing station, the battery replacing transfer cart is located on the lower side of the chassis and used for receiving a battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle or transferring the battery assembly on the battery replacing transfer cart to the chassis; under the condition that the battery replacing transfer cart moves to the battery warehouse, the battery replacing transfer cart can correspond to any one of a plurality of storage stations distributed along the first direction and is used for bearing a battery assembly on the storage station or transferring the battery assembly on the battery replacing transfer cart to the storage station.

4. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 2,

the battery replacement transfer trolley comprises a movable base, a lifting platform and a first conveying line;

the lifting platform and the first conveying line are respectively arranged on the movable base; the conveying direction of the first conveying line is along the second direction.

5. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 4,

the lifting platform can be lifted between a first height position and a second height position along the normal direction of the plane where the moving base is located; in the first height position, the height of the lifting platform relative to the moving base is greater than the height of the first conveying line relative to the moving base; in the second height position, the height of the lifting platform relative to the moving base is smaller than the height of the first conveying line relative to the moving base.

6. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 4,

a first detection module is arranged on the movable base;

the first detection module is in communication connection with the first conveying line; the first detection module is used for detecting the position of a battery assembly on the first conveying line relative to the mobile base.

7. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 4,

the storage station is provided with a second conveying line;

the conveying direction of the second conveying line is along the second direction; under the condition that the battery replacement transfer cart corresponds to any one of the storage stations distributed along the first direction, the first conveying line is connected with the opposite end portion of the second conveying line, and the conveying surface where the first conveying line and the second conveying line are located is flush.

8. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 2,

the plurality of storage stations on the battery warehouse are arranged into a plurality of layers along a third direction, and the third direction is respectively vertical to the first direction and the second direction;

the transfer device further comprises a lifter; the lifter is arranged on one side of the battery warehouse and used for driving the battery replacement transfer car to move to different positions along the third direction.

9. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 8,

the transfer device further comprises a guide rail; the guide rail is arranged on one side of the battery warehouse and extends along the first direction; the battery replacing transfer car can move along the guide rail;

the power conversion transfer trolley is provided with a first state arranged on the guide rail and a second state separated from the guide rail under the driving of the lifter.

10. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery replacement station is provided with a first fixed platform, a second fixed platform and a moving platform;

the mobile platform is movable in a first direction between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the mobile platform is positioned between the first stationary platform and the second stationary platform; in the second position, the mobile platform is disengaged from between the first stationary platform and the second stationary platform.

11. The electric vehicle battery swapping system of claim 10,

at least one of one end of the first fixed platform far away from the second fixed platform and one end of the second fixed platform far away from the first fixed platform is set to be an inclined surface structure;

and/or, at the first position, the first fixed platform, the moving platform and the second fixed platform are sequentially arranged along a second direction.

12. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: the battery replacement control cabinet and the battery replacement connector;

the battery replacement control cabinet is electrically connected with one end of the battery replacement connector, and the battery replacement connector is arranged on one side of the battery replacement station;

the locking device is arranged on the battery assembly; the other end of the battery replacing connector is electrically connected with the locking device, and the battery replacing control cabinet controls the locking device through the battery replacing connector.

13. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: a charging cabinet;

the storage station is provided with a charging access device; the charging cabinet is electrically connected with the charging access devices of the storage stations respectively;

and under the condition that the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle is transferred to the storage station, the charging head of the charging access device is used for being selectively and electrically connected or separated with the electrode of the battery assembly.

14. The electric vehicle battery replacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: a monitoring cabinet;

the monitoring cabinet is respectively in communication connection with the battery changing station, the battery warehouse and the transfer device.

15. The method for replacing the electric vehicle battery replacing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising:

receiving a battery replacement instruction, and responding to the battery replacement instruction to obtain position information of the electric vehicle stopping on a battery replacement station, and storage state information and energy storage state information of a battery assembly on each storage station in a battery warehouse;

when the parking position of the electric vehicle is in a preset area and the battery warehouse has an empty storage station, determining that one empty storage station is a first target station; outputting a battery recycling instruction to the transfer device, controlling the locking device to switch to the second state, and transferring the battery assembly detached from the electric vehicle from the transposition station to the first target station by the transfer device;

under the condition that the energy storage state of the battery assemblies in the battery warehouse meets a preset condition, determining a storage station corresponding to one battery assembly meeting the preset condition as a second target station; and outputting a battery assembly instruction to the transfer device, transferring the battery assembly from the second target station to the battery replacement station by the transfer device, and controlling the locking device to be switched to the first state.

16. The battery replacement method according to claim 15, wherein after the transferring device transfers the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle from the transposition station to the first target station, the method further comprises:

outputting a charging access instruction to a charging access device where the first target station is located so that a charging head of the charging access device is electrically connected with an electrode of the battery assembly;

detecting an access state of a charging access device, a power transformation state of a charging cabinet and an energy storage state of a battery assembly, and starting charging of the battery assembly under the condition that the access state, the power transformation state and the energy storage state are in normal states;

detecting charging parameters of the battery assembly in the process of charging the battery assembly; under the condition that the charging parameter is within the range of the preset threshold value, outputting an access stopping instruction to the charging access device so as to remove the connection between the charging access device and the battery assembly; and under the condition that the charging parameter is out of the preset threshold range, outputting a control instruction for requesting the manual dry pre-charging to a worker.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the charging parameter comprises at least one of a charging voltage, a charging current, a temperature, and a state of charge of the battery assembly.

18. An electric power swapping station, characterized by comprising an electric power swapping system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, or being capable of realizing the electric power swapping method as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 17.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle battery replacing system, a battery replacing station and a battery replacing method.

Background

With the development of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles are gradually developed from single passenger vehicles to different vehicle types applied to various fields, for example: commercial vehicles, engineering vehicles, etc. The battery replacement mode has also been greatly developed as one of the main modes for supplementing energy to electric vehicles.

The existing electric vehicle mainly adopts a hoisting mode to change the battery at the top. In actual operation, the charging storage area is arranged on one side of the parking area, the battery replacement equipment is arranged above the charging storage area and the parking area, the battery replacement equipment moves freely on the plane above the charging storage area and the parking area, and when the battery replacement equipment carries the battery assembly, the lowest height of the battery replacement equipment needs to be completely higher than that of the battery assembly on the charging rack. Since the electric vehicle itself has a certain height and is limited by the arrangement space on the electric vehicle, the battery assembly is generally disposed at the rear side of the cab, and in order to increase the number of power batteries, the height of the arrangement of the battery assembly can only be increased accordingly.

From this, when carrying out the top and trade the electricity, require to trade electrical equipment and arrange in higher height, just can lift by crane and move the year to battery pack, not only hoist and mount complex operation has taken place the space, has had great potential safety hazard moreover.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an electric vehicle battery replacement system, a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method, which are used for solving the problem that the electric vehicle battery replacement is difficult to conveniently and reliably carry out in the existing top battery replacement mode.

The invention provides an electric vehicle battery replacement system, which comprises: the battery replacing station, the battery warehouse and the transferring device are arranged; the battery replacement station is used for stopping the electric vehicle and replacing a battery assembly; the battery assembly is arranged on the lower side of a chassis of the electric vehicle and connected with the chassis through a locking device; the battery warehouse is provided with a plurality of storage stations, and the storage stations are used for storing the battery assemblies unloaded from the electric vehicle and charging the battery assemblies; the transfer device is used for realizing the displacement of the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle and the battery assembly stored in the battery warehouse between the battery replacement station and the storage station; the locking device comprises a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the chassis is connected with the battery assembly, and in the second state, the chassis is separated from the battery assembly.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention, the transferring device comprises a battery replacing transfer cart; the battery replacing transfer cart can move between the battery replacing station and the battery warehouse along a first direction; the plurality of storage stations on the battery warehouse are respectively arranged along a first direction and a second direction in an array shape, and the first direction is vertical to the second direction; the battery assembly can be driven to sequentially shift on each storage station along the first direction and/or the second direction at a plurality of storage stations arranged in the second direction.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention, under the condition that the battery replacing transfer cart moves to the battery replacing station, the battery replacing transfer cart is positioned at the lower side of the chassis and is used for bearing a battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle or transferring the battery assembly on the battery replacing transfer cart to the chassis; under the condition that the battery replacing transfer cart moves to the battery warehouse, the battery replacing transfer cart can correspond to any one of a plurality of storage stations distributed along the first direction and is used for bearing a battery assembly on the storage station or transferring the battery assembly on the battery replacing transfer cart to the storage station.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention, the battery replacing transfer car comprises a movable base, a lifting platform and a first conveying line; the lifting platform and the first conveying line are respectively arranged on the movable base; the conveying direction of the first conveying line is along the second direction.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, the lifting platform can lift between a first height position and a second height position relative to a plane where the moving base is located; in the first height position, the height of the lifting platform relative to the moving base is greater than the height of the first conveying line relative to the moving base; in the second height position, the height of the lifting platform relative to the moving base is smaller than the height of the first conveying line relative to the moving base.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, the storage station is provided with a second conveying line; the conveying direction of the second conveying line is along the second direction; under the condition that the battery replacement transfer cart corresponds to any one of the storage stations distributed along the first direction, the first conveying line is connected with the opposite end portion of the second conveying line, and the conveying surface where the first conveying line and the second conveying line are located is flush.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, the mobile base is provided with a first detection module, and the first detection module is in communication connection with the first conveying line; the first detection module is used for detecting the position of a battery assembly on the first conveying line relative to the mobile base.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, the plurality of storage stations on the battery warehouse are distributed into a plurality of layers along a third direction, and the third direction is respectively vertical to the first direction and the second direction; the transfer device further comprises a lifter; the lifter is arranged on one side of the battery warehouse and used for driving the battery replacement transfer car to move to different positions along the third direction.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, the transfer device further comprises a guide rail; the guide rail is arranged on one side of the battery warehouse and extends along the first direction; the battery replacing transfer car can move along the guide rail; the power conversion transfer trolley is provided with a first state arranged on the guide rail and a second state separated from the guide rail under the driving of the lifter.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention, the battery replacing station is provided with a first fixed platform, a second fixed platform and a moving platform; the mobile platform is movable in a first direction between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the mobile platform is positioned between the first stationary platform and the second stationary platform; in the second position, the mobile platform is disengaged from between the first stationary platform and the second stationary platform.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacement system provided by the invention, at least one of one end of the first fixing platform, which is far away from the second fixing platform, and one end of the second fixing platform, which is far away from the first fixing platform, is set to be an inclined surface structure; and/or, at the first position, the first fixed platform, the moving platform and the second fixed platform are sequentially arranged along a second direction.

The electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention further comprises: the battery replacement control cabinet and the battery replacement connector; the battery replacement control cabinet is electrically connected with one end of the battery replacement connector, and the battery replacement connector is arranged on one side of the battery replacement station; the locking device is arranged on the battery assembly; the other end of the battery replacing connector is electrically connected with the locking device, and the battery replacing control cabinet controls the locking device through the battery replacing connector.

The electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention further comprises: a charging cabinet; the storage station is provided with a charging access device; the charging cabinet is electrically connected with the charging access devices of the storage stations respectively; and under the condition that the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle is transferred to the storage station, the charging head of the charging access device is used for being selectively and electrically connected or separated with the electrode of the battery assembly.

The electric vehicle battery replacing system provided by the invention further comprises: a monitoring cabinet; the monitoring cabinet is respectively in communication connection with the battery changing station, the battery warehouse and the transfer device.

The invention also provides a battery replacing method of the electric vehicle battery replacing system, which comprises the following steps: receiving a battery replacement instruction, and responding to the battery replacement instruction to obtain position information of the electric vehicle stopping on a battery replacement station, and storage state information and energy storage state information of a battery assembly on each storage station in a battery warehouse; when the stopping position of the electric vehicle is in a preset area and the battery warehouse is provided with an empty storage station, determining that one empty storage station is a first target station, outputting a battery recovery instruction to the transfer device, controlling the locking device to switch to a second state, and transferring the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle to the first target station by the transfer device; under the condition that the energy storage state of the battery assemblies in the battery warehouse meets a preset condition, determining that a storage station corresponding to one battery assembly meeting the preset condition is a second target station, outputting a battery assembly instruction to the transfer device, transferring the battery assemblies from the second target station to the battery replacement station by the transfer device, and controlling the locking device to switch to the first state so as to assemble the fully charged battery assemblies to a chassis of the electric vehicle.

According to the battery replacement method provided by the invention, after the transferring device transfers the battery assembly detached from the electric vehicle from the transposition station to the first target station, the method further comprises the following steps: outputting a charging access instruction to a charging access device where the first target station is located so that a charging head of the charging access device is electrically connected with an electrode of the battery assembly; detecting an access state of a charging access device, a power transformation state of a charging cabinet and an energy storage state of a battery assembly, and starting charging of the battery assembly under the condition that the access state, the power transformation state and the energy storage state are in normal states; detecting charging parameters of the battery assembly in the process of charging the battery assembly; under the condition that the charging parameter is within the range of the preset threshold value, outputting an access stopping instruction to the charging access device so as to remove the connection between the charging access device and the battery assembly; and under the condition that the charging parameter is out of the preset threshold range, outputting a control instruction for requesting the manual dry pre-charging to a worker.

According to the battery swapping method provided by the invention, the charging parameter comprises at least one of a charging voltage, a charging current, a temperature and a state of charge of the battery assembly.

The invention also provides a battery replacement station which comprises the electric vehicle battery replacement system or can realize the battery replacement method.

According to the electric vehicle battery replacing system, the battery replacing station and the battery replacing method, when the battery replacing station, the battery warehouse and the transfer device are arranged, the locking device can be controlled to be in the second state, the transfer device transfers the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle from the battery replacing station to the vacant storage station in the battery warehouse, and the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle is charged through the storage station; then, the battery assembly with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition in the battery warehouse is transferred from the storage station to the battery replacement station by the transfer device, and the locking device is controlled to switch the first state, so that the battery assembly with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition is installed on a chassis of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, the battery assembly is arranged on the chassis of the electric vehicle, the gravity center of the arrangement of the battery assembly is low, and the battery assembly has abundant arrangement space, so that the battery replacing operation of the battery assembly can be conveniently carried out on the chassis of the electric vehicle, the occupied space is small, the safety and the reliability are realized, and the battery replacing operation of the electric vehicle with different power requirements can be met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle battery replacement system for replacing a battery of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is one of schematic partial structural diagrams of an electric vehicle battery replacement system for replacing the electric vehicle with the battery provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a second schematic view of a partial structure of an electric vehicle battery replacement system for replacing the battery of the electric vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery warehouse provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the battery replacement transfer cart provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a battery swapping method of an electric vehicle battery swapping system provided by the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a battery swap operation performed on an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second schematic flow chart illustrating a battery replacement operation performed on an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the control of the command for recovering batteries performed by the transfer device according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the control of the battery assembling command executed by the transfer device according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the process of controlling the charging of the battery assembly at the storage station according to the present invention;

reference numerals:

1: a battery replacement station; 2: a transfer device; 3: a battery warehouse;

4: a chassis; 5: a battery assembly; 6: a battery replacement control cabinet;

7: replacing the battery connector; 8: a charging cabinet; 9: a monitoring cabinet;

11: a first fixed platform; 12: a second stationary platform; 13: a mobile platform;

21: battery replacement transfer vehicles; 22: an elevator; 23: a guide rail;

211: moving the base; 212: a lifting platform; 213: a first conveyor line;

214: a first detection module; 31: storing the station; 32: a second conveyor line;

33: and a charging access device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An electric vehicle battery swapping system, a battery swapping station and a battery swapping method according to the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 11.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an electric vehicle battery replacement system, including: the battery replacing system comprises a battery replacing station 1, a battery warehouse 3 and a transferring device 2; the battery replacement station 1 is used for stopping the electric vehicle and replacing the battery assembly 5; the battery assembly 5 is arranged on the lower side of the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle, and the battery assembly 5 is connected with the chassis 4 through a locking device; the battery warehouse 3 is provided with a plurality of storage stations 31, and the storage stations 31 are used for storing the battery assemblies 5 dismounted from the electric vehicle and charging the battery assemblies 5; the transfer device 2 is used for realizing the displacement of the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle and the battery assembly stored in the battery warehouse 3 between the battery replacing station 1 and the storage station 31; wherein the locking device comprises a first state in which the chassis 4 is connected to the battery assembly 5 and a second state in which the chassis 4 is disconnected from the battery assembly 5.

Specifically, in the embodiment, by providing the battery replacing station 1, the battery warehouse 3 and the transfer device 2, when the locking device is controlled to be in the second state, the transfer device 2 transfers the battery assembly 5 unloaded by the electric vehicle from the battery replacing station 1 to the storage station 31 empty in the battery warehouse 3, and the storage station 31 charges the battery assembly 5 unloaded by the electric vehicle; then, the battery assembly 5 with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition in the battery warehouse 3 is transferred from the storage station 31 to the battery replacement station 1 by the transfer device 2, and the locking device is controlled to switch the first state, so that the battery assembly 5 with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition is mounted on the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, the battery assembly 5 is arranged on the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle, the center of gravity of the arrangement of the battery assembly 5 is low, and the arrangement space is abundant, so that the battery replacing system shown in the embodiment can conveniently perform battery replacing operation on the battery assembly 5 on the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle, the occupied space is small, safety and reliability are realized, and battery replacing operation of the electric vehicle with different power requirements can be met.

It should be noted that the transfer device 2 shown in the present embodiment is understood to be a robot, a transfer vehicle, or the like that can perform the operation of displacing the battery assembly between the storage station 31 and the battery replacement station 1 in a reciprocating manner, and is not particularly limited herein.

One or more battery storages 3 may be provided in the present embodiment, and are not particularly limited herein. The plurality of storage stations 31 in the battery warehouse 3 may be arranged in a three-dimensional space array along three mutually perpendicular directions. In this way, the number of the battery packs 5 to be stored is increased as much as possible, and the battery packs 5 can be easily transferred.

The locking device shown in the present embodiment may be provided on the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle, or may be provided on the battery assembly 5. The locking device may employ a telescopic drive mechanism known in the art, such as: the telescopic driving mechanism can be an electric push rod or an air cylinder. When the telescopic driving mechanism is in the first state, the telescopic end of the telescopic driving mechanism is in an extending state, and the limit connection between the chassis 4 and the battery assembly 5 of the electric vehicle can be realized based on the limit function of the telescopic end; when the telescopic driving mechanism is in the second state, the telescopic end of the telescopic driving mechanism is in the retraction state, and the limit connection between the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle and the battery assembly 5 can be released, so that the unloading of the battery assembly 5 is realized.

The battery assembly 5 shown in this embodiment includes a battery frame and a plurality of battery packs mounted on the battery frame. In practical application, the number of the battery packs loaded on the battery frame can be determined according to the power requirement of the electric vehicle.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the transfer device 2 of the present embodiment includes a power change transfer cart 21; the battery replacing transfer cart 21 can move between the battery replacing station 1 and the battery warehouse 3 along a first direction; the plurality of storage stations 31 on the battery warehouse 3 are respectively arranged in an array shape along a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction is vertical to the second direction; the plurality of storage stations 31 arranged in the second direction can drive the cell assemblies 5 to be sequentially displaced on the respective storage stations 31 in the first direction and/or the second direction.

Further, in the embodiment, when the power conversion transfer cart 21 moves to the power conversion station 1, the power conversion transfer cart 21 is located at the lower side of the chassis 4, so as to receive a battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle or transfer the battery assembly on the power conversion transfer cart 21 to the chassis 4; when the transfer cart 21 moves to the battery warehouse 3, the transfer cart 21 can correspond to any one of the storage stations 31 arranged in the first direction, and is used for receiving the battery assembly on the storage station 31 or transferring the battery assembly on the transfer cart 21 to the storage station 31. In this embodiment, the plurality of storage stations 31 on the battery warehouse 3 may be arranged at a single level, so that the battery swapping transfer cart 21 can shift the battery assembly 5 between the storage stations 31 and the battery swapping station 1.

Specifically, when the electric vehicle stops at the battery replacing station 1, the battery replacing transfer cart 21 shown in the embodiment can move to the lower side of the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle to receive the battery assembly 5 unloaded by the electric vehicle; then, the transfer cart 21 carries the battery assembly 5 and moves to an empty storage station 31 arranged along the first direction, and the battery assembly on the transfer cart 21 is transferred to the storage station 31.

Correspondingly, when the battery assembly 5 is assembled, the battery replacing transfer cart 21 moves to the storage station 31 where the battery assembly 5 is arranged in the first direction and the energy storage state of the battery assembly 5 reaches the preset condition, receives the battery assembly 5 from the storage station 31, carries the battery assembly 5, moves to the battery replacing station 1, and then transfers the battery assembly to the chassis 4 so as to position and assemble the battery assembly 5 through the locking device.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to facilitate the displacement of the battery assembly 5 between the battery replacing station 1 and the storage station 31, the battery replacing transfer cart 21 shown in this embodiment includes a moving base 211, a lifting platform 212, and a first conveying line 213; the lifting platform 212 and the first conveying line 213 are respectively arranged on the movable base 211; the conveying direction of the first conveying line 213 is in the second direction; the lifting platform 212 can be lifted between a first height position and a second height position relative to the plane of the moving base 211; in the first height position, the height of the lifting platform 212 relative to the moving base 211 is greater than the height of the first conveying line 213 relative to the moving base 211; in the second height position, the height of the lifting platform 212 relative to the moving base 211 is smaller than the height of the first conveying line 213 relative to the moving base 211.

Specifically, the first conveying line 213 shown in the present embodiment may employ a conveying roller assembly or a conveying wheel assembly known in the art.

The lift platform 212 of the present embodiment includes a lift bar and a lift platform. The lifting rod can stretch out and draw back along the vertical direction, the fixed end of the lifting rod is connected with the movable base 211, and the stretching end of the lifting rod is connected with the lifting rack; the lifting rod can be provided in plurality, and an electric push rod, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder which are well known in the art can be adopted as the lifting rod.

Meanwhile, when the lifting rack performs the lifting movement between the first height position and the second height position, in order to avoid the interference between the lifting rack and the first conveying line 213, the present embodiment may provide an avoidance notch on the lifting rack. The projection of the first conveying line 213 on the plane where the movable base 211 is located in the area of the projection of the avoidance gap on the plane where the movable base 211 is located.

Further, the movable base 211 shown in this embodiment is provided with a first detecting module 214, and the first detecting module 214 is in communication connection with the first conveying line 213. The first detecting module 214 shown in this embodiment may be an infrared distance measuring sensor or a proximity switch.

Specifically, the first detecting module 214 shown in this embodiment is used to detect the position of the battery assembly 5 on the first conveying line 213 relative to the moving base 211, and the first conveying line 213 can precisely control the position of the battery assembly 5 relative to the moving base 211 according to the position signal fed back by the first detecting module 214. Thus, the present embodiment can ensure the safety of the power change transfer cart 21 in transferring the battery assembly 5, and facilitate timely and effective assembly of the battery assembly 5 carried by the power change transfer cart 21 to the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle at the power change station 1.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in order to realize the displacement of the battery assembly 5 between the power change transfer cart 21 and the storage station 31, the storage station 31 shown in the present embodiment is provided with a second conveying line 32; the conveying direction of the second conveying line 32 is in the second direction; in the case where the swap intermediate transfer cart 21 corresponds to any one of the plurality of storage stations 31 arranged in the first direction, the first transfer line 213 is connected to the opposite end portions of the second transfer line 32, and the first transfer line 213 is flush with the transfer surface on which the second transfer line 32 is located.

The second conveying line 32 shown in this embodiment may be any one of a conveying roller assembly, and a belt conveying mechanism known in the art. In order to ensure the accuracy of the stopping position of the battery assembly 5 at each storage station 31, the present embodiment may also provide a position detecting device at each storage station 31, and communicatively connect the position detecting device with the second conveying line 32. The position detection device may be an infrared distance measurement sensor or a proximity switch as shown in the above embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of storage stations 31 on the battery warehouse 3 shown in this embodiment are arranged in a plurality of layers along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, respectively; the transfer device 2 further includes a lifter 22; the elevator 22 is provided at one side of the battery warehouse 3, and the elevator 22 is used for driving the power conversion transfer car 21 to move to different levels along the third direction.

The elevator 22 shown in this embodiment may be a scissor lift mechanism as is known in the art. The plurality of scissor-type lifting mechanisms may be provided, and in the case that the battery changing transfer cart 21 is moved to the battery warehouse 3, the plurality of scissor-type lifting mechanisms may be divided into two groups and separately provided on opposite sides of the battery changing transfer cart 21, so as to lift the battery changing transfer cart 21 to move to different levels.

Further, in order to control the power change transfer cart 21 to stably move back and forth along the first direction, the transfer device 2 shown in this embodiment further includes a guide rail 23; the guide rail 23 is provided at one side of the battery storage 3, and the guide rail 23 extends in the first direction; the battery-replacing transfer car 21 can move along the guide rail 23; the electricity conversion transfer cart 21 has a first state in which it is disposed on the guide rail 23 and a second state in which it is separated from the guide rail 23 by the drive of the lifter 22.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery replacement station 1 shown in this embodiment is provided with a first fixed platform 11, a second fixed platform 12 and a moving platform 13; the mobile platform 13 is movable in a first direction between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the mobile platform 13 is located between the first fixed platform 11 and the second fixed platform 12; in the second position, the mobile platform 13 is disengaged from between the first fixed platform 11 and the second fixed platform 12.

Specifically, in the embodiment, the mobile platform 13 is arranged to be capable of moving between the first position and the second position along the first direction, and when the mobile platform 13 is located at the first position, the driver controls the electric vehicle to travel to the battery replacing station 1; when the movable platform 13 is located at the second position, since the movable platform 13 is separated from the first fixed platform 11 and the second fixed platform 12, the power switching transfer cart 21 can be controlled to move between the first fixed platform 11 and the second fixed platform 12 in this embodiment, so as to perform the power switching operation on the electric vehicle.

Further, in order to facilitate the electric vehicle to travel to the battery replacing station 1, in this embodiment, at least one of an end of the first fixing platform 11 away from the second fixing platform 12 and an end of the second fixing platform 12 away from the first fixing platform 11 is set to be an inclined surface structure.

As shown in fig. 1, the upper surfaces of the first fixed platform 11, the movable platform 13 and the second fixed platform 12 are all located on the same horizontal plane, and the height of the horizontal plane is higher than the ground. In this embodiment, the end of the first fixed platform 11 away from the second fixed platform 12 and the end of the second fixed platform 12 away from the first fixed platform 11 are both designed as an inclined plane structure, and when the movable platform 13 is at the first position, the first fixed platform 11, the movable platform 13 and the second fixed platform 12 are sequentially arranged along the second direction.

So, this embodiment is convenient for the driver to drive the electric motor car and is being driven into from one side of trading electric station 1 along the second direction and trade electric station 1 to after trading the electric motor car execution electricity operation, be convenient for drive out from trading electric station 1 from the opposite side of trading electric station 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle battery replacement system in this embodiment further includes: the battery replacement control cabinet 6 and the battery replacement connector 7; the battery replacement control cabinet 6 is electrically connected with the tail end of the battery replacement connector 7, and the battery replacement connector 7 is arranged on one side of the battery replacement station 1; the locking device is arranged on the battery assembly 5 and is electrically connected with a power-on socket on the battery assembly 5; the head end of the power switching connector 7 is used for being plugged with a power-on socket.

Specifically, under the condition that the head end of the power swapping connector 7 is plugged with the energized socket, the power swapping control cabinet 6 shown in this embodiment establishes communication connection with the locking device.

The battery replacement control cabinet 6 shown in the embodiment is used for receiving a first instruction input of a worker, and the locking device responds to the first instruction input and switches to the second state so as to separate the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle from the battery assembly 5. Meanwhile, the battery replacement control cabinet 6 shown in the embodiment establishes communication connection with the locking device. The battery replacement control cabinet 6 shown in the embodiment is used for receiving a second instruction input of a worker, and the locking device responds to the second instruction input and switches to the first state so as to connect the chassis 4 of the electric vehicle with the battery assembly 5.

Here, the first instruction input and the second instruction input shown in this embodiment may be physical instruction input operations performed by a field worker by pressing a button and pressing a virtual key on a touch screen, or may also be biological instruction input operations performed by the field worker by voice, gesture, or other methods.

As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle battery replacement system in this embodiment further includes: a charging cabinet 8. A plurality of charging cabinets 8 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the battery storage 3. In the present embodiment, each storage station 31 of the battery warehouse 3 is provided with a charging access device 33; the charging cabinet 8 is electrically connected with the charging access device 33 of each storage station 31 of the battery warehouse 3; in the case where the battery assembly 5 detached from the electric vehicle is transferred to the storage station 31, the charging head of the charging access device 33 may be selectively electrically connected to or separated from the electrode of the battery assembly 5.

The charging access device 33 shown in this embodiment may be a telescopic rod known in the art, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is provided with a charging connector and a sampling connector. Under the condition that the telescopic link is in the extension state, the joint that charges respectively with battery assembly 5's electrode electric connection with the sampling joint to can be when charging battery assembly 5 through the joint that charges, gather charging parameters such as charging voltage, charging current, the electric quantity of charging in real time by the sampling joint.

Accordingly, when the telescopic rod is in the retracted state, the charging connector and the sampling connector are respectively separated from the electrodes of the battery assembly 5, and the battery assembly 5 is not charged any more.

As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle battery replacement system in this embodiment further includes: a monitoring cabinet 9; the monitoring cabinet 9 is respectively connected with the battery changing station 1, the battery warehouse 3 and the transfer device 2 in a communication way.

Specifically, trade that the station 1 shown in this embodiment is equipped with the second detection module, and the second detection module is connected with monitoring cabinet 9 communication, and the second detection module is used for detecting the electric motor car and trades the position state of station 1. The second detection module may be a camera, a radar, a laser displacement sensor, etc. known in the art.

When the electric vehicle is subjected to power exchange, if the parking position of the electric vehicle is outside the preset area on the power exchange station 1, the position of the power exchange transfer cart 21 relative to the electric vehicle during power exchange is inaccurate, so that the battery assembly 5 cannot be accurately unloaded and assembled. Therefore, when the position where the electric vehicle is detected to stop is outside the preset area on the battery replacement station 1, the driver is required to drive the electric vehicle to enter the station again.

Meanwhile, when the monitoring cabinet 9 shown in this embodiment is in communication connection with the battery replacement station 1, the state of the mobile platform 13 in the battery replacement station 1 is conveniently monitored in real time. In addition, the monitoring cabinet 9 shown in this embodiment also monitors the working states of the power conversion transfer car 21 and the elevator 22 and the storage state, the charging state, and the energy storage state of each battery assembly 5 in the battery warehouse 3, so as to prompt the staff to take human intervention when an abnormality occurs in a corresponding link.

As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment further provides a battery replacement method of the electric vehicle battery replacement system, which includes:

and step 610, receiving a battery replacement instruction, and responding to the battery replacement instruction to acquire position information of the electric vehicle parked on a battery replacement station, storage state information of a battery assembly on each storage station in a battery warehouse and energy storage state information.

And step 620, under the condition that the parking position of the electric vehicle is in the preset area and the battery warehouse has an empty storage station, determining that one empty storage station is a first target station, outputting a battery recovery instruction to the transfer device, controlling the locking device to switch to the second state, and transferring the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle to the first target station by the transfer device.

Step 630, under the condition that the energy storage state of the battery assemblies in the battery warehouse meets a preset condition, determining that a storage station corresponding to one battery assembly meeting the preset condition is a second target station, outputting a battery assembly instruction to the transfer device, transferring the battery assemblies from the second target station to the battery replacement station by the transfer device, and controlling the locking device to switch to the first state so as to assemble the fully charged battery assemblies to the chassis of the electric vehicle.

Specifically, in this embodiment, by providing the battery replacing station, the battery warehouse and the transferring device, when the locking device is controlled to be in the second state, the transferring device transfers the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle from the battery replacing station to the vacant storage station in the battery warehouse, and the storage station charges the battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle; then, the battery assembly with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition in the battery warehouse is transferred from the storage station to the battery replacement station by the transfer device, and the locking device is controlled to switch the first state, so that the battery assembly with the energy storage state reaching the preset condition is installed on a chassis of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, the battery assembly is arranged on the chassis of the electric vehicle, the gravity center of the arrangement of the battery assembly is low, and the battery assembly has abundant arrangement space, so that the battery replacing method disclosed by the embodiment can be used for conveniently performing battery replacing operation on the battery assembly on the chassis of the electric vehicle, the occupied space is small, the method is safe and reliable, and the battery replacing operation of the electric vehicle with different power requirements can be met.

The power conversion method according to the present embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 7 to 11.

As shown in fig. 7, the battery replacement method according to the present embodiment is executed to perform vehicle identification on an electric vehicle entering a station and then perform vehicle position detection. And if the stopping position of the electric vehicle is not detected to be in the preset area, judging that the position of the electric vehicle is abnormal, and detecting the electric vehicle to enter the station again. And if the stopping position of the electric vehicle is detected to be in the preset area, controlling the vehicle to stop working by the driver. And then, a worker of the battery changing station starts battery changing control, so that corresponding equipment of the battery changing station executes a battery changing process, and a driver is informed of leaving the station when the battery changing is finished. In the process of executing the battery replacement process, a distribution process is executed on the battery assembly detached from the electric vehicle, so that the battery assembly is shifted to a corresponding storage station of the battery warehouse, and a charging process is executed. And finally, controlling the transfer equipment of the power change station to return to the original position and waiting for the next instruction.

It should be noted that, if an abnormality occurs in the execution of the power swapping flow, the execution of the distribution flow, and the execution of the charging flow, the control system of the power swapping station issues a control command requesting human intervention.

As shown in fig. 8, when the battery replacement process is executed on the electric vehicle in this embodiment, the following steps may be specifically referred to:

when the electric vehicle enters the station and receives a one-key power change starting instruction, the power change station carries out self-inspection on an internal system, and under the condition that the system self-inspection is normal, the position of the electric vehicle stopped on a power change station is judged; when the position of the vehicle is judged to be correct, the mobile platform of the battery replacing station is controlled to move to the second position, so that the mobile platform is separated from the first fixed platform and the second fixed platform, and the battery replacing transfer vehicle is controlled to move into the lower side of the chassis of the electric vehicle.

And then, controlling a lifting platform of the battery replacing transfer car to lift so as to lift the lower side of a battery assembly to be unloaded on the electric vehicle. And then, controlling the battery replacement connector to be connected with a power-on socket on the battery assembly so as to establish communication connection between the battery replacement control cabinet and the locking device. At this moment, the battery replacement control cabinet can receive the first instruction input of a worker, and controls the locking device to be switched to the second state, namely, the locking device is unlocked, so that the chassis of the electric vehicle is separated from the battery assembly. Then, the connection between the power switching connector and the power supply socket is released.

After the power conversion transfer cart receives a battery assembly unloaded by the electric vehicle, the lifting platform of the power conversion transfer cart is controlled to descend for a section of height, but the height of the lifting platform is ensured to be higher than that of the first conveying line. And then, controlling the battery replacement transfer trolley to horizontally move to the position below the corresponding vacant storage station of the battery warehouse along the guide rail. When the storage station is positioned at the bottom layer of the battery warehouse, the battery assembly can be directly controlled to be horizontally aligned with the corresponding storage station, and when the storage station is positioned above the bottom layer of the battery warehouse, the power-change transfer car can be lifted by the aid of the lifter so that the battery assembly can be lifted to the position where the corresponding storage station is positioned. When the battery assembly is controlled to move to the storage station, the lifting platform is controlled to descend to the lower side of the first conveying line, so that the battery assembly falls onto the first conveying line, the first conveying line and the second conveying line are started again, the battery assembly is driven to move to the corresponding vacant storage station along the second direction, and after the battery assembly is placed in place, a charging process is executed on the battery assembly.

And then, when the battery assembly is assembled on the electric vehicle, the power conversion transfer vehicle is controlled to be positioned to the battery assembly which is fully charged firstly or the battery assembly with the highest current electric quantity (the battery assembly is not fully charged). And then, controlling the battery assemblies on the corresponding storage stations to move to the battery replacing transfer cart, driving the battery replacing transfer cart to horizontally move to the lower side of the chassis of the electric vehicle along the guide rail, and positioning.

And then, controlling the battery replacement connector to be connected with a power-on socket on the battery assembly so as to establish communication connection between the battery replacement control cabinet and the locking device. At this time, the battery replacement control cabinet can receive a second instruction input of a worker, and control the locking device to switch to the first state, that is, the locking device locks the battery assembly, so that the battery assembly on the battery replacement transfer cart is assembled on a chassis of the electric vehicle. Here, the connection between the power connector and the power receptacle needs to be released.

And finally, controlling the lifting platform of the power conversion transfer trolley to descend, moving the power conversion transfer trolley out of the point-changing station, and moving the moving platform into a position between the first fixing platform and the second fixing platform. Then, the driver is prompted by voice to finish the battery replacement, and the vehicle is controlled to drive away from the battery replacement station.

As shown in fig. 9, when the present embodiment executes the battery recycling command to the transferring device, the following steps can be specifically referred to:

firstly, under the condition that the battery warehouse is judged to have an empty storage station, the battery replacement transfer trolley is controlled to horizontally move to the position below the corresponding empty storage station, and when the battery warehouse is judged not to have an empty storage station, manual intervention is requested for recovering the battery assembly. And then, judging whether the power conversion transfer car needs to be lifted or not according to the position of the empty storage station. And when the vacant storage station is judged to be a position above the bottom layer of the battery warehouse, the lifting machine is controlled to lift the battery changing transfer car to a corresponding position. And then, controlling the lifting platform of the battery replacing transfer car to descend below the first conveying line so that the battery assembly falls onto the first conveying line. And then, controlling the first conveying line and the second conveying line to start so as to drive the battery assembly to be displaced to the vacant storage station along the second direction.

As shown in fig. 10, when the battery assembly command is executed to the transferring device in this embodiment, the following steps may be specifically referred to:

firstly, judging whether a battery assembly with the state of charge (SOC) reaching 100% exists in a battery warehouse, if so, positioning the battery assembly with the state of charge reaching 100% at the earliest, horizontally moving a transfer car in the battery swap to the position below a corresponding storage station, and if not, positioning the battery assembly with the highest current state of charge (SOC) and controlling the transfer car in the battery swap to horizontally move to the position below the corresponding storage station; then, judging whether the power conversion transfer cart needs to be lifted or not according to the position of the corresponding storage station so that the power conversion transfer cart is horizontally opposite to the corresponding storage station; then, controlling a lifting platform of the battery replacing transfer car to descend below the first conveying line, controlling the first conveying line and the second conveying line to start conveying at the same time, so that the battery assembly on the storage station is shifted to the first conveying line, and then controlling the lifting platform to ascend to lift the battery assembly above the first conveying line; and finally, controlling the battery replacing transfer cart to move below the chassis of the electric vehicle, and controlling the locking device to be switched to the first state, so that the battery assembly on the battery replacing transfer cart is assembled on the chassis of the electric vehicle.

As shown in fig. 11, after the battery assembly unloaded from the electric vehicle enters the storage station of the battery warehouse and is positioned, a charging process may be performed on the battery assembly, which may specifically refer to the following steps:

firstly, when the second conveying line of the storage station is judged to be in a stop state, outputting a charging access instruction to a charging access device where a first target station is located so that a charging head of the charging access device is electrically connected with an electrode of a battery assembly; detecting the access state of the charging access device, the power transformation state of the charging cabinet and the energy storage state of the battery assembly, and starting charging the battery assembly under the condition that the access state, the power transformation state and the energy storage state are all in normal states; detecting charging parameters of the battery assembly in the process of charging the battery assembly; under the condition that the charging parameters are within the range of the preset threshold value, if the state of charge of the battery assembly reaches 100%, outputting an access stopping instruction to the charging access device so as to remove the connection between the charging access device and the battery assembly; and under the condition that the charging parameter is out of the preset threshold range, outputting a control instruction for requesting the manual dry pre-charging to a worker.

It should be noted that the charging parameters shown in the present embodiment include charging voltage, charging current, temperature, and state of charge of the battery assembly, so as to perform over-voltage protection, over-current protection, and over-temperature protection during charging of the battery assembly. When the charging process is executed on the battery assembly, if the second conveying line of the storage station is judged to be in the running state, a control instruction for requesting the manual dry pre-charging is output to a worker.

Preferably, this embodiment also provides a power swapping station, including: the electric vehicle battery swapping system or the battery swapping method can be realized.

Specifically, the battery swapping station includes an electric vehicle battery swapping system, and the above battery swapping method can be implemented, and the electric vehicle battery swapping system and the method specifically refer to the above embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.