阅读说明：本技术 用于充电站的线路套组、充电站 (A circuit suit, charging station for charging station ) 是由 S·韦贝尔 M·哈斯 于 2019-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于给机动车(2)的电能存储器充电的充电站(1)的线路套组(4),其具有充电电缆(5),充电电缆在自由的端部上具有用于与机动车(2)电连接的连接插头(6),其中充电电缆(5)具有一个或多个电气线路(19),电气线路通过电隔绝的包套(9)共同被包围。设置的是,包套(9)具有至少一个沿充电电缆(5)延伸的并且相对于线路(19)电隔绝的电气检验线路(11、12)。(The invention relates to a line set (4) of a charging station (1) for charging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle (2), comprising a charging cable (5) which has a connecting plug (6) at a free end for electrical connection to the motor vehicle (2), wherein the charging cable (5) has one or more electrical lines (19) which are surrounded together by an electrically insulating sheath (9). The sheath (9) has at least one electrical test line (11, 12) which extends along the charging cable (5) and is electrically insulated from the line (19).)

1. A line set (4) of a charging station (1) for charging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle (2), having a charging cable (5) which has a connection plug (6) at a free end for electrical connection to the motor vehicle (2), wherein the charging cable (5) has one or more electrical lines (19) which are jointly enclosed by an electrically insulated casing (9), characterized in that the casing (9) has at least one electrical test line (11, 12) which extends along the charging cable (5) and is electrically insulated from the line (19).

2. Line set according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath (9) has a counterpart (10) or a plurality of counterparts (10) of test lines (11, 12) which are each coupled to one another via a test resistor (13).

3. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test lines (11, 12) of at least one counterpart (10) are arranged side by side, viewed in the peripheral direction.

4. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test lines (11, 12) of at least one counterpart (10) are arranged radially one above the other.

5. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the test resistor (13) is arranged in the connection plug (6).

6. Line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of counterpart elements (10) of the test line (11, 12) are arranged evenly distributed over the circumference of the jacket (9).

7. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective test line (11, 12) is configured as a flat strip line.

8. The line set according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective flat strip lines are oriented tangentially in the charging cable (5).

9. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective test line (11, 12) is encapsulated or injection-molded by a capsule (9).

10. Line kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capsule (9) has two test lines (11, 12) arranged coaxially with respect to one another, between which an electrical insulator (17) acts.

11. Line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation (17) acts as a radial spacer (21) between the test lines (11, 12) and is deformable in such a way that the test lines (11, 12) can be brought into contact with one another by pressing of the charging cable (5).

12. Line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulator (17) is constructed as a pressure-dependent resistive film or as a perforated structure.

13. The line set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the test lines (11, 12) is made of a temperature-dependent resistive material.

14. Charging station (1) for charging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle (2), having at least one line set (4) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and having a control device (8) which is electrically connected to at least one of the test lines (11, 12) in order to detect a cable fault.

15. The charging station according to claim 14, characterized in that the charging station (2) has means (15) for showing a detected cable fault.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a line set of a charging station for charging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle, comprising a charging cable which has a connecting plug at a free end for electrical connection to the motor vehicle, wherein the charging cable has one or more electrical lines which are surrounded together by an electrically insulating sheath.

The invention also relates to a charging station for charging an electrical energy store of a motor vehicle, having at least one line set as described above.

Background

A line kit and a charging station of the type mentioned at the outset are known from the prior art. The number of available charging stations for electrically operable motor vehicles continues to increase. As the number of electrically operated motor vehicles, in particular electric or hybrid vehicles, increases, the number of service operations on such charging stations also increases, so that the line kit is subject to greater wear. Furthermore, there is a risk that electrical lines, which may be made of copper, are damaged or stolen. When, for example, a motor vehicle runs over the line kit, the line kit may also be damaged due to incorrect operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The circuit kit according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that wear, damage or theft of the circuit kit can be easily and safely determined and reported. Regular visual inspection of the circuit set may therefore be dispensed with. According to the invention, it is provided for this purpose that the sheath of the charging cable of the line sheath has at least one electrical test line which extends along the charging cable, in particular parallel to the line, and is electrically insulated from the line. If the test line is, for example, supplied with voltage, the test line can be damaged in a simple manner in the event of an interruption in the current being detected. Through the attachment of the test line to the sheath, the test line is damaged before the line itself of the charging cable is damaged, thereby ensuring that the wear or damage of the charging cable is identified in advance. By electrically isolating the lines, it is ensured that no electrical contact can be made between the electrical lines and the test line, which could lead to an error report. Preferably, the test line extends over the entire length of the charging cable.

The housing preferably has a counterpart or a plurality of counterparts of the test lines, wherein the test lines are each designed as described above and the test lines of the counterparts are each coupled to one another via a test resistor. In this way, sudden voltage drops or electrical short circuits can be detected easily and quickly. In this case, one of the test lines is preferably designed as an output line and one of the test lines is designed as a feedback line which in each case runs the length of the charging cable and is coupled to one another via a test resistor at its end facing away from the charging station, i.e. at the end facing the charging plug. In particular, the line can be electrically contacted in the charging station by the control device in order to monitor the state of the mating part of the test line. In particular, cable faults caused by interruptions in the test line, for example, due to cracks, breaks or tears, can thereby be detected. In this way, a complete separation of the charging cable can also be detected, for example in the event of theft, wherein preferably a plurality of such mating pieces of the line are arranged distributed over the circumference of the sheath.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the test lines of at least one counterpart are arranged side by side, seen in the peripheral direction. If the sheathing is torn or scratched due to wear and/or misuse until both test line sections are exposed, a short circuit, in particular an earth connection, may result, which can be easily determined by the advantageous design of the charging cable. In the case of pressing or bending, short circuits can likewise occur when the test lines arranged next to one another come into contact. In particular, at least two counter parts are arranged opposite one another in the circumferential direction in order to ensure theft identification. If the test lines of the two counterparts are separated, it can be determined in a simple manner that the cable as a whole has been separated and that there is a high probability of theft of the charging cable.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the test lines of at least one counterpart or of two different counterparts are arranged radially one above the other. Thus, for example, the output line is located inside the enclosure and the feedback line is located outside the enclosure. Preferably, the test lines of the different counterparts overlap radially, so that defects can be detected gradually as cable faults.

According to a preferred development of the invention, a corresponding test resistor is arranged in the connection plug. The test resistor is thereby safely protected and held, in particular, by the housing of the connection plug. The connection of the test lines in the connector plug can thereby be realized in a simple manner, which reduces the outlay in terms of installation and production of the line set.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a plurality of mating parts of the test line are arranged, preferably distributed uniformly, over the circumference of the sheath. By means of the uniformly distributed arrangement, it is ensured that wear or damage to the charging cable can be detected over the entire circumference of the charging cable. Furthermore, the theft detection described above is ensured thereby.

Preferably, the respective test line is designed as a flat strip line. The respective test line thus has a rectangular cross section with a low height and a greater width than the height. The test line thus has a width that advantageously extends in the sheath, by which the circumference of the charging cable can be monitored overall or almost overall using only a few test lines. Furthermore, the flat strip line can be designed simply and flexibly, so that the test line is not damaged during use of the charging cable and deformation of the charging cable, and conversely the test line is simply deformed together with the cable. The width of the flat cable is expediently extended for this purpose in the peripheral direction of the sheathing.

In particular, it is preferred that the respective flat strip line is oriented tangentially in the charging cable, so that the width of the flat strip is oriented tangentially with respect to the sheath or the charging cable. This results in the advantages already mentioned above.

In particular, the respective test line is preferably encapsulated or injection-molded in a sheath, so that the test line is fixedly integrated into the sheath. For example, the charging cable can thus be realized inexpensively by means of an extraction method.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the capsule preferably has two test lines arranged coaxially with respect to one another, between which an electrical insulator acts. The test lines are therefore spaced radially apart from one another and preferably extend over the entire periphery or almost the entire periphery of the jacket. The fact that the test lines do not touch one another is achieved by the insulation located between them. However, when the cable is damaged, the interruption of the test lines and the short circuit between the test lines caused by the damage are safely recognized.

Preferably, the insulation is formed as a radial spacer between the test lines and can be deformed such that the test lines can be brought into contact with one another by pressing or bending the charging cable. The distance holder is a flexible or deformable distance holder which, when the load cable is highly loaded, enables contact between the test lines, in particular test lines arranged coaxially to one another, so that an overload of the charging cable can be safely determined by pressing or bending. Preferably, the distance holder is configured such that contact of adjacent test lines can be achieved before the deformation of the charging cable is so great that the lines leading through the charging cable are overloaded or damaged. This ensures monitoring of the operation of the charging cable, which in particular outputs a warning message before the line itself is overloaded or damaged.

Preferably, the insulation is designed as a pressure-dependent resistive film or as a perforated structure. In this way, the distance holder is ensured in a simple manner such that it allows an electrical contact or connection between two adjacent, in particular radially adjacent test lines only as the charging cable is increasingly deformed.

According to a preferred development of the invention, at least one of the test lines is made of a temperature-dependent electrically resistive material. Thus, in addition to detecting a cable fault, severe heating of the cable can be detected. This makes it possible to identify, for example, whether the charging process is not carried out correctly on the basis of a defect in the motor vehicle or in the charging station. Furthermore, depending on the detected temperature of the charging cable, the charging process can also be influenced, for example, in order to avoid overheating of the charging cable. Thus, for example, when a predefinable limit temperature is exceeded, the charging current is reduced in order to avoid further heating.

The particularly stationary charging station according to the invention with the features of claim 14 is characterized by at least one line set according to the invention and a control device which is electrically connected to at least one of the test lines in order to detect cable faults as described above.

The use of the line kit according to the invention is not restricted to particularly stationary charging stations. Thus, for example, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the line set is used as an additional or sole charging cable for an electrically drivable motor vehicle, so that the line set is guided together with the motor vehicle. The line kit can also be used in other high-voltage applications, in which similar requirements for a charging cable exist as in charging stations for electric or hybrid vehicles.

Preferably, the charging station furthermore has means for indicating a detected cable fault. The device is designed in particular to generate an acoustic and/or visual signal which can be used by a user of the charging station to notice a cable fault or, if necessary, the type of cable fault. The device is designed in particular to inform the owner or owner of the charging station quickly about the theft of the cable. For this purpose, the charging station also has a communication device, by means of which the cable fault or the identified cable fault is automatically transmitted to a central database, for example to the owner of the charging station, when a cable fault is detected.

Drawings

Further advantages and preferred features and combinations of features result, inter alia, from the description and the claims. The invention shall be explained in detail subsequently with the aid of the figures. Here:

fig. 1 shows a charging station for a motor vehicle in a simplified illustration;

fig. 2 shows a cross section of a charging cable through a charging station according to a first application;

fig. 3 shows a cross section of a charging cable according to a second application;

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a charging cable in cross-section; and is

Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a charging cable according to a further embodiment.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a charging station 1 for charging an energy store of an electrically operable motor vehicle 2 in a simplified illustration.

The charging station 1 has a stationary charging post 3 to which a line set 4 is connected. The line set 4 has a deformable charging cable 5 which is connected at one end to the column 3 and at the other end has a connection plug 6 for electrically contacting the motor vehicle 2.

The charging cable 5 has a cable set 7, which is formed from a plurality of electrical lines, which are electrically connected to the plug contacts of the connecting plug 6 on the one hand, and which are located in the charging column 3 of the electronic device present on the other hand, and which are designed to control or regulate the charging process. For this purpose, the charging column 3 has, in particular, a control device 8.

The cable assembly 7 is surrounded by an electrically insulating sheath 9 which holds the cable assembly 7 together and also binds and protects it. The mating parts 10 of the test lines 11 and 12 extend through the jacket 9. The test lines 11, 12 run in the longitudinal direction of the cables, parallel to the lines of the cable set 7, on mutually opposite sides of the cables 5 according to the following exemplary embodiment. The test lines 11, 12 are electrically coupled to one another via a test resistor 13, the test resistor 13 being held in a housing 14 of the connector 6. At the other end, the test lines 11, 12 are electrically connected to the control device 8.

In operation, the control device 8 supplies a voltage to the test lines 11, 12, so that a current flows. If the cable 5 is damaged and one of the test lines 11, 12 is disconnected, this is detected by the control device 8 on account of the missing current and a cable fault is identified.

The charging column 3 has, in particular, means 15 for indicating a cable fault. The device 15 may be, for example, a screen or a loudspeaker, in order to output a visual and/or audible warning signal. The means 15 can likewise be a communication device which transmits the information of the cable fault further to the operator of the charging station 1.

Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the charging cable 5 in a simplified cross section. The cable set 7 is not shown here for the sake of overview. In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiments, a plurality of mating parts 10 of the test lines 11, 12 are now present, wherein the test lines 11, 12 of each mating part 10 are coupled to one another via their own test resistor 13. The test lines 11, 12 are each designed as flat strip lines which are arranged uniformly distributed at least substantially tangentially in the sheath 9 over the circumference of the charging cable 5. The outlet and feedback lines of the counterpart 10 are adjacent to one another in the sheath 9, as seen in the peripheral direction. Currently, the charging cable 5 or the sheath 9 has a circular cross section. The test lines 11, 12 of the counterpart 10 are therefore each arranged adjacent to one another, viewed in the peripheral direction. This makes it possible to detect the damaged area by means of the test lines 11, 12, as seen from the periphery of the charging cable 5. The accuracy of the detection of cable faults can be varied by checking the number and cross section of the lines 11, 12.

If, for example, a break in the test line 11 of one of the mating parts 10 is detected, a cut, a fracture or a tear in the region of the charging cable 5 is detected. If all test lines 11, 12 or the counterparts 10 of the test lines 11, 12 are interrupted, it is recognized that the cable 5 is completely separated and possibly stolen.

If the capsule 9 is torn open due to friction and wear, as is shown by way of example in fig. 2 by the dashed line 16, it may happen that the test lines 11, 12 in this region are exposed and are no longer protected by the insulating material of the capsule 9. If a short circuit or an earth connection occurs in such a state, which is caused by the test lines 11, 12 (because the test lines are located, for example, in a puddle or the like), the short circuit is likewise detected by the control device 8 and damage to the broken cable or insulation is reported as a cable fault. Preferably, the test lines 11, 12 are encapsulated by injection molding with the material of the sheath 9, in order to achieve an advantageous integration.

Fig. 3 shows a further application of the charging cable 5 according to the exemplary embodiment of fig. 2, in which the cable 5 is compressed in the radial direction, as may occur, for example, when the cable 5 is rolled over by the motor vehicle 2. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the pressing results in the two test lines 11, 12 of the counterpart 10 being moved so far towards one another that they come into contact with one another. The electrical short circuit thus formed is likewise detected by the control device 8 and a corresponding cable fault is reported and, if necessary, indicated. The load of the charging cable 5 can thus be monitored during operation and, for example, the charging process can be interrupted in time or a recommendation for replacing the charging cable 5 can be output in the event of a preferably predefinable amount of occurring and detected squeezing.

Fig. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a charging cable 5, which differs from the previous exemplary embodiment in that only one counterpart 10 of the test line is present, wherein the test lines 11, 12 are configured coaxially with respect to one another and are held radially apart from one another by an insulator 17. The test lines 11, 12 are either integrated into the material of the sheath 9 or rest against the inside 18 of the sheath 9 at a distance from the lines 19 of the cable set 7. In this case, an additional insulating layer 20 is assigned to the built-in test line 11 on the side facing the inside. The insulation 17 is preferably embodied as a pressure-dependent insulation layer (in particular in the form of a pressure-dependent resistive film) or as a perforated structure, for example as a honeycomb structure or a lattice structure, in which the webs of the insulation 17 keep the two sleeve-shaped test lines 11, 12 spaced apart from one another as long as no excessive radial pressure is applied. However, if excessive pressure is applied, the check lines 11, 12 make contact and a short circuit is detected by the control device 8.

Fig. 5 shows an advantageous development of the charging cable 5 according to the embodiment of fig. 4, in which the insulation 17 is designed as a distance holder 21 or has such a distance holder. This can be achieved, for example, by the mentioned holes or grid structures. Preferably, the insulator is made of a non-conductive silicone material. The internal test line 11 is advantageously designed as an electrically conductive rubber line (conductor rubber), while the external test line 12 is preferably made of copper. The internal test line 11 is kept spaced apart from the external test line 12 by a spacer 21. If excessive radial pressure is applied, the distance holders 21 are preferably elastically deformed so that the test lines 11, 12 are or can be brought into contact with one another.

The external test line 12 is preferably designed to be low-ohmic, so that if the capsule 9 is damaged, an earthing can be detected. The test lines 11, 12 are preferred. The test lines 11, 12 are preferably designed as shielded lines, in particular as network lines or helically applied strip lines.

What is achieved by the test resistor 13 is that a short circuit between the test lines 11, 12 and a separation of one or more test lines 11, 12 can be distinguished by tearing, cutting or the like. The active monitoring of the charging cable 5 can be produced and arranged independently of the internal structure, i.e. the cable assembly 7, which comprises, for example, a charging line and a control line for dc or ac charging.

The control device 8 has an electrical connection point for each test line 11, 12 in order to electrically contact the test line. By evaluating the resistance values of the test lines 11, 12 and of the test resistor 13, a corresponding cable fault is identified and optionally also the charging cable 5 is monitored to monitor whether the test lines 11, 12 are in contact with one of the lines 19 of the cable set 12.

Optionally, one or more of the above-described variants are combined with one another. Preferably, according to a further embodiment, in addition to the counterpart 10 of the test lines 11, 12 shown in fig. 2, a second counterpart of the test lines 11, 12 is provided, which is arranged radially spaced apart from the first counterpart, in order to achieve an increased accuracy of the cable defects and a gradual identification of the defects. By means of such a multi-layer arrangement, it can be detected, for example, at any time when critical damage or damage to the charging cable 5 is reached.

Advantageously, at least one of the test lines 11, 12 is made of a temperature-dependent resistive material, for example manufactured as a resistive wire or film, in order to monitor the temperature development in the charging cable 5, so that the charging process can be interrupted automatically if necessary in order to avoid overheating of the charging cable 5.

By means of the advantageous configuration of the line kit 3, it is possible to quickly detect handling or damage of the charging cable 5, for example damage also caused by leaks in the water-cooled charging cable 5, and to quickly take countermeasures or safety measures by means of the control device 8.

Preferably, even when the charging cable 5 is not in use or no vehicle is connected to the charging cable 5, the charging cable 5 is actively monitored, in particular by means of the test lines 11, 12 or the counterpart 10 or the counterparts 10. In order to increase the safety of the operation, the coded signals are preferably transmitted via the test lines 11, 12, so that, for example, an unauthorized charging process can be easily recognized and prevented. The use of the advantageous line set 3 is not limited to a stationary charging station as described in the present exemplary embodiment. In contrast, according to a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the line set is associated with an electrically operable motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle, as an alternative or in addition to a conventional charging cable. Furthermore, the line set can be used wherever the user works with high-voltage applications, in particular with high-voltage cables which must correspond to the charging cables of electric vehicles or meet similar requirements.