阅读说明：本技术 一种耐磨夹板及其制备方法 (Wear-resistant splint and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张轶 于 2018-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于耐磨材料技术领域,特别涉及一种耐磨夹板及其制备方法。一种耐磨夹板,包括以下重量百分比的化学成分：碳1.5～2.9％,硅0.4～0.8％,镁0.4～0.85％,锰0.4～1.0％,铬14～17％,钼0.5～1.0％,镍0.1～0.22％,钛0.05～0.20％,磷0.005～0.04％,硫0.005～0.04％,余量为铁。本发明配方合理,制作简单,使用寿命长,具有很高的强度、韧性、耐磨性和抗冲击力,减少了工厂更换夹板的频率,降低了劳动强度。(The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant clamping plate and a preparation method thereof. The wear-resistant splint comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.9% of carbon, 0.4-0.8% of silicon, 0.4-0.85% of magnesium, 0.4-1.0% of manganese, 14-17% of chromium, 0.5-1.0% of molybdenum, 0.1-0.22% of nickel, 0.05-0.20% of titanium, 0.005-0.04% of phosphorus, 0.005-0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron. The invention has reasonable formula, simple manufacture and long service life, has high strength, toughness, wear resistance and impact resistance, reduces the frequency of replacing clamping plates in factories and reduces the labor intensity.)

1. The wear-resistant splint is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.9% of carbon, 0.4-0.8% of silicon, 0.4-0.85% of magnesium, 0.4-1.0% of manganese, 14-17% of chromium, 0.5-1.0% of molybdenum, 0.1-0.22% of nickel, 0.05-0.20% of titanium, 0.005-0.04% of phosphorus, 0.005-0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron.

2. The wear-resistant splint according to claim 1, comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.0-2.9% of carbon, 0.55-0.8% of silicon, 0.6-0.7% of magnesium, 0.55-1.0% of manganese, 14-17% of chromium, 0.5-1.0% of molybdenum, 0.1-0.21% of nickel, 0.1-0.16% of titanium, 0.005-0.04% of phosphorus, 0.005-0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron.

3. A method for manufacturing a wear-resistant splint according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:

s1, adding clean and dry common scrap steel, pig iron, stainless steel waste, magnesium ingots, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, nickel plates, titanium ingots and carburization waste electrodes into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, heating to 1500-1650 ℃ after the components are adjusted to be qualified, adding preheated ferrosilicon for precipitation and deoxidation, performing diffusion and deoxidation by a deep aluminum wire insertion method 2 minutes before tapping, and tapping;

s2, placing the efficient composite alterant and the rare earth at the bottom of the steel ladle, performing modification treatment on the molten steel, then pouring the molten steel into a steel ingot mould, wherein the pouring temperature of the molten steel is 1440-1460 ℃, the pouring is slow, medium and fast, and thin later, when the molten steel reaches a riser 3/5, adding the heat preservation agent, and after the steel ingot is poured for 5-10 minutes, tapping the riser for 2-3 times;

and S3, after cooling the wear-resistant clamping plate to room temperature, polishing, putting the wear-resistant clamping plate into a heat treatment furnace, keeping the temperature at 750-850 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 h, taking the wear-resistant clamping plate out of the furnace, naturally cooling, tempering at 250 ℃ for 2-2.5 h, and taking out and naturally cooling.

4. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant splint according to claim 3, wherein the rare earth in step S2 is cerium-based rare earth.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant plywood according to claim 3, wherein said efficient composite modifier in step S2 is one of potassium and sodium.

6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant plywood according to claim 3, wherein said highly effective composite modifier and rare earth in step S2 are respectively obtained by crushing to small pieces with a particle size of less than 10mm, and drying at 280 ℃.

7. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant splint according to claim 3, wherein the modification in step S2 is performed on the molten steel by using an in-ladle pour method.

8. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant splint according to claim 3, wherein the casting in step S2 is performed by casting a steel ingot using a bottom-pouring method.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant clamping plate and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The mill clamping plate can bear the impact and abrasion of the grinding body and the material, and can also lift the grinding body. With the rapid development of material grinding technology, the mill tends to be large-sized, higher requirements are also put on the performance of the sandwich material, and the improvement of the wear resistance of the sandwich material is a key point of research. The splint material is developed for more than 30 years and passes through the development stages of high-manganese steel, common white cast steel, nickel hard cast iron, high-chromium white iron to modified high-manganese steel and medium-low alloy steel of various quenching and tempering processes. At present, the material of the clamping plate of the domestic large-scale mill is mostly high manganese steel, and the material is compositely cast by high chromium cast iron and low alloy steel. However, from the operation practice, the service life of the former is only 0.5-1 year, and the splint is easy to generate plastic deformation to influence the operation of the mill in use; the latter adopts bimetal composite casting, so that the casting quality is not easy to control, and the using effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant splint which is long in service life and simple in preparation process and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the wear-resistant splint comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.9% of carbon, 0.4-0.8% of silicon, 0.4-0.85% of magnesium, 0.4-1.0% of manganese, 14-17% of chromium, 0.5-1.0% of molybdenum, 0.1-0.22% of nickel, 0.05-0.20% of titanium, 0.005-0.04% of phosphorus, 0.005-0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron.

The preferable scheme is that the wear-resistant splint comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.0-2.9% of carbon, 0.55-0.8% of silicon, 0.6-0.7% of magnesium, 0.55-1.0% of manganese, 14-17% of chromium, 0.5-1.0% of molybdenum, 0.1-0.21% of nickel, 0.1-0.16% of titanium, 0.005-0.04% of phosphorus, 0.005-0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron.

The main function of carbon and chromium is to ensure the quantity and form of carbide in cast iron, the carbide is increased along with the increase of carbon content, the Cr/C ratio is increased, the appearance of eutectic carbide is subjected to the process of continuous reduction from continuous net → sheet → rod, the crystal type of eutectic carbide is subjected to the process of continuous reduction from M₃C→M₃C+M₇C₃→M₇C₃The process of variation of (c). There are data to point out: when eutectic carbide is unchanged and Cr/C is 6.6-7.1, the expansion capability of fracture lines of the same chromium cast iron is strongest.

A preparation method of a wear-resistant splint comprises the following steps:

s1, adding clean and dry common scrap steel, pig iron, stainless steel waste, magnesium ingots, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, nickel plates, titanium ingots and carburization waste electrodes into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, heating to 1500-1650 ℃ after the components are adjusted to be qualified, adding preheated ferrosilicon for precipitation and deoxidation, performing diffusion and deoxidation by a deep aluminum wire insertion method 2 minutes before tapping, and tapping;

s2, placing the efficient composite alterant and the rare earth at the bottom of the steel ladle, performing modification treatment on the molten steel, then pouring the molten steel into a steel ingot mould, wherein the pouring temperature of the molten steel is 1440-1460 ℃, the pouring is slow, medium and fast, and thin later, when the molten steel reaches a riser 3/5, adding the heat preservation agent, and after the steel ingot is poured for 5-10 minutes, tapping the riser for 2-3 times;

and S3, after cooling the wear-resistant clamping plate to room temperature, polishing, putting the wear-resistant clamping plate into a heat treatment furnace, keeping the temperature at 750-850 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 h, taking the wear-resistant clamping plate out of the furnace, naturally cooling, tempering at 250 ℃ for 2-2.5 h, and taking out and naturally cooling.

The shape, size, distribution and amount of inclusions, in particular sulphides, in steel strongly influence the properties of the steel, in particular the plasticity and toughness. The inclusions in the medium-high carbon alloy steel which is not subjected to rare earth modification treatment are mostly long-strip-shaped and have edges and corners, the number of the inclusions is large, and the fracture mode is a standard cleavage fracture mode. The rare earth added into the steel has the functions of desulfurization and degassing, according to the thermodynamic condition and application practice of the generation of the rare earth inclusions, the affinity of the rare earth elements with oxygen and sulfur is obviously greater than that of manganese, aluminum and the like, the rare earth elements are easy to generate a conjugated reaction with oxygen and sulfur to generate small-ball rare earth inclusions, and the brittle fracture of the medium-high carbon multi-element low alloy steel along the grain boundary is obviously improved. Therefore, after rare earth modification treatment, the number of inclusions is obviously reduced, the inclusions tend to be spheroidized and uniformly distributed in the steel, the toughness of the steel is improved, and a large number of tough pits appear on an impact fracture. However, excessive rare earth addition can cause the rare earth inclusions to be in broken chain distribution, and the plasticity and toughness of the steel are damaged.

Preferably, the rare earth in step S2 is cerium-based rare earth. The invention adds proper amount of cerium-based rare earth as modifier, which has larger atomic radius and small solubility in iron. Because of having great electronegativity, the chemical properties of the compounds are very active, a series of extremely stable compounds can be formed in steel and become non-spontaneous crystal cores, and therefore the function of refining grains is achieved. In addition, the rare earth is a surface active element, the generation speed of a crystal core can be increased, the growth of crystal grains is prevented, the refinement of the crystal grains is beneficial to the improvement of the toughness of the steel and plastic, and the refinement of the crystal grains is more obvious along with the increase of the content of the rare earth, which is related to the activation energy of the rare earth element capable of increasing the migration of austenite crystal boundaries.

Preferably, in step S2, the efficient composite modifier is one of potassium and sodium.

Preferably, in the step S2, the efficient composite alterant and the rare earth are respectively obtained by crushing the materials into small blocks with the particle size of less than 10mm and drying the small blocks at 280 ℃.

Preferably, in the modification treatment in step S2, the molten steel is modified by an in-ladle pouring method.

Preferably, in the step S2, the steel ingot is cast by a bottom casting method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention has reasonable formula, simple manufacture and long service life, has high strength, toughness, wear resistance and impact resistance, reduces the frequency of replacing clamping plates in factories and reduces the labor intensity.

2. The carbon and the chromium of the invention ensure the quantity and the form of carbide in the cast iron, and the nickel has the functions of increasing the hardenability of the high-chromium cast iron, inhibiting the transformation from an austenite matrix to pearlite and promoting the formation of a martensite base.

3. The invention adds proper amount of cerium-based rare earth as modifier, which has larger atomic radius and small solubility in iron. Because of having great electronegativity, the chemical properties of the compounds are very active, a series of extremely stable compounds can be formed in steel and become non-spontaneous crystal cores, and therefore the function of refining grains is achieved.

4. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials and simple manufacturing method, uses common scrap steel, pig iron and stainless steel waste as production raw materials, recycles and effectively saves energy.

5. The molten steel is subjected to modification treatment, so that the toughness and the strength of the splint are increased, and the service life is prolonged.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the examples are clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.