阅读说明：本技术 一种高强弹簧箔带材及其制备方法 (High-strength spring foil strip and preparation method thereof ) 是由 高杨 牛永吉 田建军 安宁 张志伟 于 2020-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种高强弹簧箔带材及其制备方法,属于高强冷加工成型技术领域。带材的成分及质量百分比为：C：≤0.05％,Cr：12.0％～17.0％,Ni：5.0％～8.0％,Co：3.0％～6.0％,Mo：2.0％～3.0％,W：1.5％～3.5％,Nb：1.0％～2.0％,Al：0.3％～0.5％,Ti：0.3％～0.5％,Si：≤0.3％,Mn：≤0.3％,P：≤0.01％,S：≤0.01％,B≤0.005％,Ce≤0.05％,Zr≤0.01％,余量为Fe和不可避免杂质元素等。制备步骤为配料后进行真空冶炼；锻造至6.0mm厚板坯；再经热处理,水冷后进行冷轧；冷轧前进行中间连续退火温度在1200℃；出炉后冷轧成品0.03mm。优点在于,制备成本低廉、操作简单、节能环保、综合性能优异、应用广泛,适合工业化大规模生产,更适用于极端环境下服役的环境变化大、高载荷的弹簧件。(A high-strength spring foil strip and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of high-strength cold processing and forming. The strip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Cr: 12.0% -17.0%, Ni: 5.0% -8.0%, Co: 3.0% -6.0%, Mo: 2.0% -3.0%, W: 1.5% -3.5%, Nb: 1.0% -2.0%, Al: 0.3% -0.5%, Ti: 0.3% -0.5%, Si: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ce, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of Zr, and the balance of Fe, inevitable impurity elements and the like. The preparation steps are that vacuum smelting is carried out after burdening; forging to a 6.0mm thick slab; then carrying out heat treatment, water cooling and cold rolling; before cold rolling, the intermediate continuous annealing temperature is 1200 ℃; and (5) discharging the product out of the furnace, and cold-rolling the product to be 0.03 mm. The spring part has the advantages of low preparation cost, simple operation, energy conservation, environmental protection, excellent comprehensive performance and wide application, is suitable for industrial large-scale production, and is more suitable for spring parts with large environmental change and high load in service under extreme environments.)

1. The high-strength spring foil strip is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Cr: 12.0% -17.0%, Ni: 5.0% -8.0%, Co: 3.0% -6.0%, Mo: 2.0% -3.0%, W: 1.5% -3.5%, Nb: 1.0% -2.0%, Al: 0.3% -0.5%, Ti: 0.3% -0.5%, Si: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ce, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of Zr, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.

2. The preparation method of the high-strength spring foil strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps and the controlled technical parameters are as follows:

1) preparing materials: proportioning according to the mass percent of the chemical components of the high-strength spring foil strip, wherein Fe is one or more of pure iron, low-sulfur iron, ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese; cr is one or more of ferrochrome, metal chromium, brocade ferrochrome, low-nitrogen brocade ferrochrome and high-purity low-oxygen chromium; mo is one or more of metal molybdenum, ferromolybdenum and molybdenum-chromium rods; ni is one or more of electrolytic nickel, metallic nickel, gold nickel and high-purity nickel; si is one or more of high-carbon silicon, high-carbon ferrosilicon, high-purity polycrystalline silicon and metal silicon particles; mn is one or more of ferromanganese, metal manganese and electrolytic manganese sheets; nb is one or more of ferrocolumbium, smelted niobium and a high-purity polished niobium rod; w is one or more of ferrotungsten, a tungsten rod and a high-purity tungsten block; al is one or more of electrolytic aluminum, aluminum bar and pure aluminum strip; ti is one or more of pure titanium rod, metallic titanium and sponge titanium; co is one or more of electrolytic cobalt, metal cobalt and a Jinchuan cobalt plate; ce is one or more of metal cerium and high-purity cerium;

2) smelting and forging and cold rolling: carrying out vacuum induction and vacuum consumable smelting on the mixed raw materials, and forging and hot rolling the smelted raw materials to form a thick plate blank with the thickness of 3.0-6.0 mm; after a thick plate blank is subjected to thermal treatment at 1120-1180 ℃, cold rolling is carried out after water cooling, salt water cooling or ice water cooling, the deformation of a strip is 40% -70% in the cogging stage, the deformation of a strip is 30-50% in the intermediate billet stage, and the deformation of a finished product is 20% -50%, the strip is subjected to intermediate continuous annealing before cogging and intermediate billet cold rolling, the continuous annealing temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the traveling speed is 1-10 min/m, and the thick plate blank is rapidly cooled under the protection of hydrogen or argon; carrying out disperse phase uniform distribution heat treatment by matching with the deformation of the finished product before cold rolling of the finished product, carrying out continuous bright annealing treatment on the strip, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, the strip speed is 1-10 min/m, hydrogen or argon is used for protection, introducing high-pressure hydrogen or argon into the furnace for atmosphere cooling before discharging, and the cold rolling finished product is 0.01-0.05 mm after discharging.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-strength cold processing and forming, and particularly relates to a high-strength spring foil strip and a preparation method thereof. In particular to a high-elasticity modulus low-elasticity after-effect high-strength spring foil strip and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The stainless spring has the advantages of corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and the like. The method is widely applied to industries with strict performance requirements, such as electronic and electric appliances, food industry, chemical industry, textile machinery, automobile manufacturing, aviation and the like. Besides being stainless and corrosion resistant, the resulting springs have many other advantages, such as resistance to relaxation, sag and post-elastic stresses that are much better, and even several times better, than springs made from spring steel and alloy steel. Because the stainless spring steel has the superior performance which can not be achieved by common carbon spring steel and alloy spring steel, and the requirements on the performances of stainless spring, corrosion resistance and the like are more and more urgent and strict, the development of the research on foil belt tiny springs with the thickness less than 0.1mm in a certain aviation field leads the application range of the stainless spring steel to be continuously expanded, and the using amount to be continuously increased. However, the research and development of foil strips still lack deep knowledge at home and abroad, and the foil strip alloys produced in batches at home are very few, so that the patent originally develops a high-elasticity-modulus low-elasticity after-effect high-strength spring foil strip, breaks the blockade of foreign technologies, and provides a new development space for ultrathin strip springs.

Stainless spring bands widely used at home and abroad are roughly classified into three types: phase-change martensitic steel strip, deformation-strengthened austenitic steel strip and precipitation-hardened semi-austenitic steel strip. For semi-austenitic precipitation hardening stainless steels with a higher modulus of elasticity. The method has the advantages of strong corrosion resistance of austenitic steel, good cold processing performance and strengthening of martensitic steel through heat treatment, and also has the defects of strong tissue sensitivity, large performance fluctuation, fast stress crack propagation, incorrect processing technology, easy generation of brittle fracture and the like. Therefore, the semi-austenitic precipitation hardening stainless steel has great difficulty in hot working or cold drawing, which is mainly characterized in that the plasticity of the material is seriously reduced when the production process is incorrect, the steel belt and the spring are easy to generate longitudinal cracks, and the stress crack tendency of the spring steel belt is great. At present, the more domestic materials are 0Cr17Ni7Al and 0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al stainless steel belts. According to the follow-up research on the market, the performance of the 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel strip greatly fluctuates when the stainless steel strip is stored for a long time. After the wire is stored for 1 year, part of wires can be broken and become brittle and cannot be made into springs, and the wire has extremely poor manufacturability and unstable tissue; the qualified rate of the 0Cr12Mn5Ni4Mo3Al stainless steel strip in spring pairing is about 90% when the stainless steel strip is newly put into a factory, and the qualified rate is reduced to 70% or even 50% after 1 year. Meanwhile, the strength of the two alloy belts is difficult to meet the more rigorous requirement, and the elasticity variance of the spring is large. Can not be stored for a long time at room temperature and is easy to generate stress release cracking. Meanwhile, when the thickness is reduced to 0.1mm or less, the workability of the strip material is poor, and it is difficult to process the strip material into a spring piece. Therefore, a high-strength ultra-thin spring strip with high elastic modulus and good long-term stability is urgently needed, and contributes to electronic and electric appliances, food industry, chemical industry, textile machinery, automobile manufacturing, aviation and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-strength spring foil strip and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the spring foil strip is high in tissue sensitivity, large in performance fluctuation, low in elastic modulus, fast in stress crack propagation, incorrect in processing technology, prone to brittle fracture, and prone to material performance reduction and long-term service stability under extreme environments. The spring is particularly suitable for spring parts with high load and large environmental change in service under extreme environments and other spring parts with strict environmental requirements in other applications.

A high-strength spring foil strip comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Cr: 12.0% -17.0%, Ni: 5.0% -8.0%, Co: 3.0% -6.0%, Mo: 2.0% -3.0%, W: 1.5% -3.5%, Nb: 1.0% -2.0%, Al: 0.3% -0.5%, Ti: 0.3% -0.5%, Si: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, Mn: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ce, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of Zr, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.

The preparation method of the spring foil strip comprises the following specific steps and parameters:

1. preparing materials: proportioning according to the mass percent of the chemical components of the high-strength spring foil strip, wherein Fe is one or more of pure iron, low-sulfur iron, ferrochrome, high-carbon ferrochrome, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese; cr is one or more of ferrochrome, metal chromium, brocade ferrochrome, low-nitrogen brocade ferrochrome and high-purity low-oxygen chromium; mo is one or more of metal molybdenum, ferromolybdenum and molybdenum-chromium rods; ni is one or more of electrolytic nickel, metallic nickel, gold nickel and high-purity nickel; si is one or more of high-carbon silicon, high-carbon ferrosilicon, high-purity polycrystalline silicon and metal silicon particles; mn is one or more of ferromanganese, metal manganese and electrolytic manganese sheets; nb is one or more of ferrocolumbium, smelted niobium and a high-purity polished niobium rod; w is one or more of ferrotungsten, a tungsten rod and a high-purity tungsten block; al is one or more of electrolytic aluminum, aluminum bar and pure aluminum strip; ti is one or more of pure titanium rod, metallic titanium and sponge titanium; co is one or more of electrolytic cobalt, metal cobalt and a Jinchuan cobalt plate; ce is one or more of metal cerium and high-purity cerium;

2. smelting and forging and cold rolling: carrying out vacuum induction and vacuum consumable smelting on the mixed raw materials, and forging and hot rolling the smelted raw materials to form a thick plate blank with the thickness of 3.0-6.0 mm; after a thick plate blank is subjected to thermal treatment at 1120-1180 ℃, cold rolling is carried out after water cooling, salt water cooling or ice water cooling, the deformation of a strip is 40% -70% in the cogging stage, the deformation of a strip is 30-50% in the intermediate billet stage, and the deformation of a finished product is 20% -50%, the strip is subjected to intermediate continuous annealing before cogging and intermediate billet cold rolling, the continuous annealing temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, the traveling speed is 1-10 min/m, and the thick plate blank is rapidly cooled under the protection of hydrogen or argon; carrying out disperse phase uniform distribution heat treatment by matching with the deformation of the finished product before cold rolling of the finished product, carrying out continuous bright annealing treatment on the strip, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, the strip speed is 1-10 min/m, hydrogen or argon is used for protection, introducing high-pressure hydrogen or argon into the furnace for atmosphere cooling before discharging, and the cold rolling finished product is 0.01-0.05 mm after discharging.

The method has the advantages that the spring foil tape prepared by the method is low in preparation cost, simple to operate, energy-saving, environment-friendly, excellent in comprehensive performance, wide in application and suitable for industrial large-scale production. The spring piece is not only suitable for spring pieces with strict environmental requirements, but also suitable for spring pieces with large environmental changes and high loads in service under extreme environments.

Detailed Description