阅读说明：本技术 一种新型高钒W6+Co高速钢材料及其制备方法 (Novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 卢逸夫 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种新型高钒W6+Co高速钢材料及其制备方法,属于炼钢技术领域。一种新型高钒W6+Co高速钢材料,材料中按质量百分比包含如下组分：C 1-1.07％、Si 0.3-0.4％、Mn 0.2-0.4％、P≤0.03％、S≤0.03％、Cr 3.80-4.20％、V 2.45-2.60％、Mo 5.00-5.20％、W 6.00-6.20％、Co 1.80-2.20％、余量为Fe。本发明具有更高的耐磨性和红硬性等加工性能,其淬回火硬度可达到67±1HRC的优点。(The invention provides a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of steel making. A novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 1.07 percent of C, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 3.80 to 4.20 percent of Cr, 2.45 to 2.60 percent of V, 5.00 to 5.20 percent of Mo, 6.00 to 6.20 percent of W, 1.80 to 2.20 percent of Co and the balance of Fe. The invention has the advantages of higher wear resistance, red hardness and other processing performances, and the quenching hardness can reach 67 +/-1 HRC.)

1. A novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c1-1.07%, Si 0.3-0.4%, Mn 0.2-0.4%, P less than or equal to 0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.03%, Cr 3.80-4.20%, V2.45-2.60%, Mo 5.00-5.20%, W6.00-6.20%, Co 1.80-2.20%, and the balance of Fe.

2. A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 1.07 percent of C, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 3.80 to 4.20 percent of Cr3, 2.45 to 2.60 percent of V, 5.00 to 5.20 percent of Mo, 6.00 to 6.20 percent of W, 1.80 to 2.20 percent of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod by combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing or warehousing after heat treatment.

3. The method for preparing the novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S2, Si-Ca wires accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the raw materials of the high-speed steel are added in the LF external refining process.

4. The method for preparing the novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S6, the heat treatment is carried out at a high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point.

5. The method for preparing the novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S6, high-temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel making, and particularly relates to a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the existing produced materials, tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel W6+ Co used for manufacturing cutting tools comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.91-0.95, W: 5.80-6.20, Mo: 4.80-5.20, Cr: 3.80-4.20, V: 1.80-2.10, Co: 1.80-2.20, Mn: 0.20 to 0.40, Si: 0.30-0.40, S: less than or equal to 0.02, P: not more than 0.03, the balance being Fe, and the hardness after quenching and tempering is 65 +/-1 HRC.

At present, high-speed steel with the hardness of 66 +/-1 HRC is often adopted when the cutting tool is prepared, materials which can meet the requirement internationally are tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel M35 and molybdenum high-speed steel M42 respectively, and the two materials contain higher cobalt element and are expensive and 2.5 times and 5 times of M2 respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-speed steel with high process performance, high cost performance, high hardness and high wear resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material which has higher processing performances such as wear resistance, red hardness and the like, and the quenching hardness can reach 67 +/-1 HRC.

The first object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 1.07 percent of C, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 3.80 to 4.20 percent of Cr, 2.45 to 2.60 percent of V, 5.00 to 5.20 percent of Mo, 6.00 to 6.20 percent of W, 1.80 to 2.20 percent of Co and the balance of Fe.

The invention also aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of the novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material, which obtains higher processing performances such as wear resistance, red hardness and the like by improving the proportion of alloy raw materials and optimizing the production process on the premise of keeping high toughness, and the quenching hardness can reach 67 +/-1 HRC.

The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 1.07 percent of C, 0.3 to 0.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 3.80 to 4.20 percent of Cr, 2.45 to 2.60 percent of V, 5.00 to 5.20 percent of Mo, 6.00 to 6.20 percent of W, 1.80 to 2.20 percent of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; controlling the contents of main chemical components, gas and harmful elements of the molten steel; in the smelting process, the content of tungsten (W) in molten steel is strictly controlled to be 6.00-6.20%, the content of vanadium (V) is controlled to be 2.45-2.60%, and the content of cobalt (Co) is controlled to be 1.80-2.20%.

S3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process; because the electroslag ingot has the defect of stress concentration and the like, the hardness of the electroslag ingot is reduced by adopting a long-time stress relief annealing process, the residual stress is eliminated, the cold cracking is reduced, the thermoplasticity is improved, and the next process is carried out

S5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite; the forging machine adopts a large enough forging ratio to forge, so that coarse eutectic ledeburite in the high-speed steel is crushed, the segregation effect of carbide is improved, and the uniformity of the structure is further improved. The defects of air holes, shrinkage cavities and the like in the electroslag ingot are removed, shrinkage porosity is reduced, and density is increased; the forging ratio is more than or equal to 5;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing or warehousing after heat treatment.

Further, in step S2, calcium silicate wire with the mass of 0.5-1% of that of the high-speed steel raw material is added in the process of LF external refining. The vanadium-containing alloy is matched with vanadium in the material to improve carbide distribution and refine carbide grain size, so that the components are accurately controlled, the molten steel quality is improved, and the casting state is improved.

Further, in step S6, the heat treatment is performed at a high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point. Quenching is the most sensitive process influencing the performance of the high-speed steel material in the use state, and the high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point is adopted for carrying out heat treatment on the high-speed steel material, so that the alloy content in the martensite after quenching is ensured, and the hot hardness of the high-speed steel material is improved.

Further, in step S6, high-temperature tempering is performed after quenching. So that vanadium and tungsten carbides and secondary carbides precipitated from martensite are dispersed and distributed to generate secondary hardening. After quenching, at least a second high temperature tempering is carried out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. vanadium can obviously improve the wear resistance of the material, is the element with the strongest M-C binding capacity in common elements of high-speed steel, is combined with C to form MC type carbide, and exists on the premise of ensuring excellent performances of high-speed steel such as hardness, red hardness, wear resistance and the like. The MC carbide in the high-speed steel is highest in both stability and hardness, is mostly precipitated from a liquid phase in the smelting process and is irregular disk-shaped or strip-shaped, is subjected to thermoplastic deformation processing and then is dispersed in a primary carbide strip in a granular manner, and has great influence on the friction characteristic of the steel. With the increase of the content of vanadium element, the abrasion resistance of the high speed steel will be significantly increased.

2. The vanadium element can obviously improve the secondary hardening capacity of the material, and the vanadium element content of the high-vanadium M42 is controlled to be between 2.45 and 2.60 percent during the component proportioning, so that the wear resistance of the material is obviously improved, and the cutting processing performance is considered at the same time.

3. The carbon element is a key element for forming alloy carbide, the carbon content needs to be correspondingly increased when the content of the alloy element is increased, and the carbon content is increased by 0.1 percent on the basis of the original M42 during component proportioning. Increasing the carbon content increases the hardness of the material, but at the same time increases the carbide content, enlarging the particles and causing carbide segregation. Meanwhile, cobalt is selectively added, the binding energy of cobalt and carbon forming carbide is slightly lower than that of iron, carbide is not formed independently, and the cobalt and the iron have good intersolubility, most of cobalt is dissolved in a matrix in an annealing state and a quenching state, crystal grain growth and other overheating overburning actions are not promoted while the melting temperature of the high-speed steel is increased, more carbide is dissolved in the quenching process, meanwhile, the cobalt can reduce the quantity of retained austenite in the quenching state, the secondary hardening precipitation rate is increased and the growth rate is reduced during tempering, and therefore the tempering stability of the high-speed steel is effectively improved, crystal grains are refined, and the red hardness is increased.

Detailed Description

The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Case 1:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c1%, Si 0.3%, Mn 0.2%, P0.01%, S0.01%, Cr 3.80%, V2.45%, Mo 5.00%, W6.00%, Co1.80%, and the balance of Fe.

A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c1%, Si 0.3%, Mn 0.2%, P0.01%, S0.01%, Cr 3.80%, V2.45%, Mo 5.00%, W6.00%, Co 1.80%, and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; adding calcium silicate wire accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the high-speed steel raw material in the LF external refining process;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing, or warehousing after heat treatment; the heat treatment adopts high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point to treat the steel plate; high temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Case 2:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.4% of Si, 0.4% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.2% of Cr, 2.6% of V, 5.2% of Mo, 6.2% of W, 2.2% of Co2 and the balance of Fe.

A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.4% of Si, 0.4% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.2% of Cr, 2.6% of V, 5.2% of Mo, 6.2% of W, 2.2% of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; adding calcium silicate wire accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the high-speed steel raw material in the LF external refining process;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing, or warehousing after heat treatment; the heat treatment adopts high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point to treat the steel plate; high temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Case 3:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.35% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.2% of Cr, 2.45% of V, 5.2% of Mo, 6.2% of W, 2.2% of Co2 and the balance of Fe.

A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.35% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.2% of Cr, 2.45% of V, 5.2% of Mo, 6.2% of W, 2.2% of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; adding calcium silicate wire accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the high-speed steel raw material in the LF external refining process;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing, or warehousing after heat treatment; the heat treatment adopts high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point to treat the steel plate; high temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Case 4:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4% of Cr, 2.5% of V, 5.1% of Mo, 6% of W, 2% of Co and the balance of Fe.

A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.07% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4% of Cr, 2.5% of V, 5.1% of Mo, 6% of W, 2% of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; adding calcium silicate wire accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the high-speed steel raw material in the LF external refining process;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing, or warehousing after heat treatment; the heat treatment adopts high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point to treat the steel plate; high temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Case 5:

a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.05% of C, 0.32% of Si, 0.35% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.15% of Cr, 2.55% of V, 5.1% of Mo, 6.1% of W, 2.1% of Co2 and the balance of Fe.

A preparation method of a novel high-vanadium W6+ Co high-speed steel material comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing the following raw materials: selecting raw materials according to the weight ratio of each element in the high-speed steel, wherein the high-speed steel material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.05% of C, 0.32% of Si, 0.35% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S, 4.15% of Cr, 2.55% of V, 5.1% of Mo, 6.1% of W, 2.1% of Co and the balance of Fe;

s2, smelting: smelting the raw materials into molten steel by adopting a 10T vacuum induction furnace, combining an LF external refining process and VD vacuum degassing, and casting and forming the molten steel to obtain an electroslag rod; adding calcium silicate wire accounting for 0.5-1% of the mass of the high-speed steel raw material in the LF external refining process;

s3, electroslag remelting (ESR): adding the electroslag rod into a remelting furnace to remelt the electroslag rod under a vacuum condition to obtain an electroslag ingot;

s4, annealing and checking: the electroslag ingot is treated by adopting a stress relief annealing process;

s5, forging and cogging: forging, and crushing coarse eutectic ledeburite;

s6, hot rolling: straightening and finishing after rolling and warehousing, or warehousing after heat treatment; the heat treatment adopts high-temperature quenching temperature close to the melting point to treat the steel plate; high temperature tempering is performed after quenching.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 is a tungsten-molybdenum-based high-speed steel.

The above components are all standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and the structure and principle thereof can be known by technical manuals or by conventional experimental methods.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.